UKUCINGA NOKUQINISA

UHarold W. Percival

ISAHLUKO SESI-3

IINJONGO ZOMTHETHO WOKUXELWA

Icandelo 2

Ingozi kukukhuphela ngaphandle kwengcinga. Injongo yengozi. Ukuchazwa kwengozi. Iingozi kwimbali.

“ingozi"Umsitho owenzeka kumntu omnye okanye ngaphezulu okanye izinto ngokungalindelekanga, ngaphandle kokuba ubonwe kwangaphambili kwaye ngaphandle kwenjongo. Ke ngenxa yoko ingozi imele ukubekwa ngokulandelelana kunye nokubona kwangaphambili iziganeko njengengaqhelekanga okanye ezahlukileyo. Okubiziweyo ingozi , njengawo nawuphi na umsitho kwindiza ebonakalayo, a cinga kwinxalenye ethile yekhosi yayo.

A cinga yinto edalwe ngu Unonophelo ukukhanya kwaye umnqweno; kwaye ethi, xa ikhutshiwe, inenjongo kuyo, uyilo olunokubakho, kunye into yokulinganisa-Uphi into yokulinganisa, njengenaliti yekhampasi, iingongoma ukuya kwinqanaba lokugqibela le ngcinga iyonke. Ingcinga ihlala kude kube into yokulinganisa izise uhlengahlengiso ngalowo ukhuphe ingcinga. I into yokulinganisa oonobangela ingaphandle okoko ingcinga inyamezele. Nanini na xa ingcinga, ihamba kwizifundo zayo, isondela kwindiza ebonakalayo, ibangela ukuba lowo uyikhupheleyo abe kwindawo yokukhuphela loo ngcinga. Ingaphandle linokwenzeka kuphela xa kukho indibaniselwano ixesha, imeko kunye nendawo. I imithetho ezilawula ukuphuma ngaphandle azihlali zihambelana nenjongo nolindelo lwabantu abachaphazelekayo; kwaye ingaphandle ke ibizwa ngokuba yi ingozi. An ingozi sisixhobo esibonakalayo esibonakalayo esiqhubeka kwikhosi yaso engabonakaliyo. Ingaphandle lenza kubonakale ukuba yinxalenye yengcinga echukumisa indiza ebonakalayo kwaye engekalungeli. Lo mboniso wenziwa ngomntu okanye umntu lowo uchaphazelekayo ingozi.

Iingozi ezinjengokwenzakala komntu, okanye ibarn ibethwe ngumbane, okanye into eyenqande umntu ukuba ahlukane nenqanawa eza konakaliswa, yiza kuphela kwabo iingcinga Ngokwenjinjalo zingaphandle kubo. An ingozi izipho kulowo zenzeka kuye izinto zangaphambili, nokuba zide okanye zamva nje. I ingozi yinxalenye yenye yayo iingcinga engalinganisanga, kwaye eya kuthi inyamezele kwaye, isuka ixesha ukuba ixesha, dibana naye ubuso ngobuso njengomsitho womzimba, ade ahlawule okanye afumane intlawulo ngokuthe ngqo ingaphandle Uyilo, ufunda isifundo salo mntwana wakhe engqondweni kwaye umnqweno, kwaye yanelisile yakhe isazela. Rhoqo iingozi yiza ukumenzakalisa, rhoqo ukumnceda, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha njengezikhuselo.

Izizathu zokuba izehlo zisenzeka kuye imo of iingozi, ngendlela ekhethekileyo, engalindelekanga, yokuba umntu angazenzi izinto ezithile kuye, njengokuphulula ingalo, okanye iimeko ezingabizi ukuba enze ikomishini yolwaphulo mthetho, oko kukuthi, ukwenzakala ngabom; okanye ekugqibeleni ukuba ukwenzeka ngengozi yeyona ndlela ilula nethe ngqo yokuzisa ubungakanani ixesha, imeko kunye nendawo ingaphandle.

Ngaphaya koko, kukho ukwenzeka kwe ingozi umnxeba okhethekileyo wokuqwalaselwa. An ingozi endaweni yomcimbi oqhelekileyo, uvelisa le, ngoba ingozi ayifunwa, iyamangalisa.

An ingozi Yaziswa kwikhosi eqhelekileyo ye umthetho wengcinga as isiphelo. Indoda nganye inayo enkulu inani of iingcinga ukuhamba ngebhayisikile yakhe Imeko yengqondo ngokubhekisele kude ne ingaphandle kwindiza ebonakalayo. I iingcinga phila ngokuhlala unomdla wokufuna ukuzonwabisa ngaphandle kwiziganeko into yokulinganisa nganye kuzo ifuna kunye neeprojekthi.

The iingcinga qala kwaye uqhubeke nemijikelezo yabo ukusuka kwi ixesha umntu uyazikhupha. Nanini na xa besondela kwindiza ebonakalayo, bafuna ukukhuphela ngaphandle; kodwa zihlala zibanjwa zii ingaphandle Uyilo lwangoku. Xa kukho i ithuba, nokuba kuncinci kangakanani, xa iyonke indalo Indoda iyabambela kuyo kwaye iyisebenzisele ukuchaza umnyhadala oza kuzisa enye yezi ingaphandle. Yonke ingcinga, yakuba ikhutshiwe, inyamezele kwaye ibonakale ngathi imijikelezo yomzimba, ikhutshiwe ngaphandle njengesigameko somzimba. Ngalo nto Injongo, Lowo ukhuphele ingcinga ubiza ngokwengqondo okanye ngokwengqondo kwabanye abantu abachaphazelekayo ngengcinga, ngayo Iimozulu. Ukuba ngumjikelo omnye wabo bantu ' iingcinga ukudibana kunye nomjikelo wenye yakhe, oku kuya kuvelisa, ngaphandle kokuqonda kokuqala, umsitho obizwa ngokuba ingozi.

Enye indlela apho iingozi kuziswe ngu izinto zokuqala, iyunithi yendalo. Balandela kwaye baboshwe yindoda cinga, kwaye angxame kunye nawo emzimbeni wakhe njengomphumo, ukuze enze ngokungalindelekanga enze isenzo esikhokelela kwingozi kuye; anokuthi, umzekelo, azisike; okanye isenokuwela phambi kwemoto ehamba ngokukhawuleza. Enye indlela apho izinto zokuqala Inokwenza isenzo ukucacisa a cinga, Ngaba uvelisa into eyenzekileyo ngaphandle kokungenelela komntu, njengaxa umlilo utshisa umntu, okanye isiciko singena esweni lakhe, okanye ukunyibilikisa umkhenkce kwehla kuye ophahleni, okanye afumane amanqaku exabiso. Ngawo onke amaxesha okwakhe cinga, ingaphandle, yindlela yokufumana kusengoko kuye isigameko abize ingozi.

The Injongo ye ingozi kukutsala umdla wabantu cinga yenye yazo ingaphandle. inye Ngubani a ingozi kwenzeka rhoqo, ngokukhangela, ukufumana into malunga noku. Nangona umcimbi ungabonisi yonke into eyenzeke kuye, inokubonisa loo nxalenye yexesha elidlulileyo ekufuneka eyazile. Ukuba uzama ukuqonda, uya kufunda, kwaye uya kufunda ngakumbi, ukuba uzimisele ukuhlawula, kuya kufuneka ahlawule. Izinto azifundayo ziya kumenza asondele kulungelelwaniso.

Masithi kukho amadoda amabini ahambahamba ezintabeni. Ngokubeka inyawo lakhe kwilitye elingakhuselekanga, elinye lazo lijijilika lize liwele emfuleni. Iqabane lakhe liya kusindisa, lifumana umzimba ongaxholiweyo ngaphantsi, phakathi kwamatye; kwaye akufutshane akufumanisa, kuyirhola ngaphandle kwentlambo, ithambo legolide. I ukufa Umntu ophatha kakubi usapho lwakhe aze abangele ukusilela kwabo wayenabo kwishishini. Ngenxa yokuwa, enye ifumana idipozithi ye-ore eba ngumthombo wobutyebi. Isehlo esinjalo kuthiwa siyinto ye ingozi, ukuzisa ukufa Kwabanye, usizi kunye nentlupheko kwabanye, ukusilela kwabanye, kunye "nethamsanqa" kwiqabane elifumene ngayo ithuba.

Akukho ingozi or ithuba enxulumene nezinto ezinjalo. Umcimbi ngamnye uhambelana nokusebenza kwe umthetho as isiphelo, kwaye ngu ingaphandle yabathile cinga, ekhutshwa ngumntu ochaphazelekayo, kodwa ngaphaya kwemida yokuqonda.

Umntu owayebulewe yindoda yabelwa yena ixesha belibalekile ikhondo labo, nangona elakhe ukufa ibinokwenzeka msinyane okanye ibinokuhlehliselwa ixesha elifutshane ixesha. Uhlobo lwayo ukufa ebemiselwe kwangaphambili ngequbuliso. Ngaphaya koko, kwakuyimfuneko, ngenxa yosapho kunye nonxibelelwano lweshishini, ukuba ubudlelwane bakhe kubo buhlukaniswe ngequbuliso. Ngenxa yoko wabandezeleka ngequbuliso ukufa.

Nokuba intlupheko iyakuvuselela ukuzithemba kwabo baxhomekekileyo kulowo uswelekileyo kwaye ikhuphe iimpawu ezingenakubonwa ngelixa bebexhomekeke komnye, okanye nokuba badimazekile, zinikezele ukuphelelwa lithemba okanye babe ngabaphucukileyo, baphumla kakhulu kwizinto ezidlulileyo zabachaphazelekayo. Nokuba umntu ofumana igolide uyayiphucula ithuba ubutyebi ukunyaniseka, ukuphucula iimeko zakhe kunye nabanye, ukunciphisa ukubandezeleka, okanye ukuxhasa imfundo umsebenzi; okanye, ukuba, kwelinye icala, akenzi nanye kwezi, kodwa usebenzisa ubutyebi bakhe kunye namandla amnikayo okucinezelwa kwabanye; okanye ukuba owonakele ngokuziphatha kwaye ubongoza abanye ukuba baphile ubomi bokwenyani, konke kulingana umthetho wengcinga, kwaye igqitywe kakhulu yangaphambili iingcinga Yabachaphazelekayo.

Ukuba umntu obhubhileyo wayekade ngononophelo ekukhetheni kwendlela yakhe, ngebengenakuwa, nangona kunjalo ukufa, njengoko yayifunwa yi umthetho, ibinokuhlehliswa nje kancinci ixesha. Ukuba iqabane lakhe alikhange lihambe ngendlela eyingozi e ithemba Uncedo, ngekhe afumane indlela yokufumana ubutyebi bakhe. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba kunjalo Ukoyika Ngekummisile ukuba angayi koncedo lomlingane wakhe, ngewayeyinqandisile impumelelo yakhe, kuba ubutyebi babumele bube ngenxa yesiphumo sakhe iingcinga kwaye iyasebenza. Ngokungavumeli kudlule ithuba leyo msebenzi waziswa, wakukhawulezisa ukuphuphuma kwakhe.

Kuyingozi ukuthetha ingozi kwaye ithuba njengeziganeko ezenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu kwaye ngokungakhathali umthetho. Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwamagama kukhuthaza abantu ukuba bakholelwe ukuba banokwenza okanye basilele ukwenza okuthile, kwaye bangabekwa tyala. Baze bakholelwe ukuba izinto zinokwenzeka kubo ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ke banokuwenza buthathaka umbono wabo wokuziphatha. Banciphisa imbonakalo yabo kunye nokuqiqa kwabo kwizinto kwindiza ebonakalayo; bona themba ukuba ithuba, kwaye uxanduva lokungazithembi.

Iziganeko ezichaphazela abambalwa okanye abaninzi, okanye ugqatso okanye ilizwekazi, okanye ilizwe liphela, lifika kwabo babaxekileyo okanye ababaphatha gadalala ngokusebenza kwabasebenzi. umthetho wengcinga as isiphelo. Umntu ngamnye ukhuphela ngaphandle ezinye zexesha lakhe elidlulileyo iingcinga. The iingcinga cinezela ukuvula ingaphandle. Ukuba baninzi abantu, iingcinga bathambekele kumcimbi ofanayo, baqokelelwa nkqu ukusuka eziphelweni zomhlaba ukuzisa into ebizwa ngokuba iingozi. Kuwo wonke umntu uza isibonelelo okanye ilahleko engaphandle kwezinye zexesha lakhe elidlulileyo iingcinga.

Iingozi Okwenzeka kuluntu, njengokudubadubeka, inkanyamba, ukuzikhuthuza okanye isifo sesifo, ngokufanayo ingaphandle of iingcinga Kwabachaphazelekayo. Ngaphantsi kwale ntloko yintshabalalo yeendawo ezigungxulweyo kunye nezixeko, kunye nokuphanziswa kwamazwe, njengokuqhushumba ngokungenalusini kweCarthage, ukuphangwa kweRoma, ukuphangwa kweendawo zokuhlala zaseSpain ngababhambisi, okanye ukoyisa iPeru. Kwezi meko "abalungileyo" babandezeleka kunye "nabangengomalungisa." Abangengomalungisa ngabakhohlakeleyo ngoku; Abalungisiyo 'abalunganga bexesha elidlulileyo. Iindawo ezinjalo ziye zenziwa ngesenzo nokungasebenzi, ukuthatha inxaxheba nokungakhathali, kwabahlali ngamaxesha anje ngeentshutshiso zamaHuguenots, okanye iNetherlands nguAlva, okanye amaQuaker amaPuritan eNew England. Baza kuhlanganiswa kunye ekuhambeni kwexesha, kwaye yabo iingcinga Iya kubakhokelela kwindawo kunye nexesha lokuphuma ngaphandle kwabo bangaphambili iingcinga. Le ndawo inokuba yindawo enye; okanye abantu banokudityaniswa kwenye, kwaye bahlala khona ukuchuma okanye ebunzimeni, kwaye babelana iingozi yentlekele yokugqibela.

Ukuqwalaselwa ngokutsha kunokuqhutywa ixesha elide ixesha; kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo iza. I-United States yaseMelika yabekwa yodwa Ubukrelekrele ukuzama ukuzilawula ngobuninzi, kwaye ke bakhokelelwa impumelelo kwiimfazwe zabo ezahlukeneyo, amaziko abo ezopolitiko kunye nokwenza kwabo imisebenzi yezoqoqosho, ngaphandle kwezenzo zabantu. Ngoxolo nasemfazweni, ukubaleka kwabo kwimiphumo yemvelo yokuzingca nokungakhathali kwabo kuyabetha. Kodwa olu khuseleko kunye nolwonke jikelele impumeleloIincwadi zeembali zesikolo kunye nee-orators zibonakala zithatha njengesi kungakhathaliseki ngokuqinisekileyo, isenokungapheli. Kufuneka kubekho uxanduva lokuphendula ngako konke oko abantu bakunyamezelayo kwaye bakwenza ngokuchasene nezinto zabo ezinkulu xanduva. I-New England bigots, iiMassachusetts abathengisi bamakhoboka, abaqhubi bamakhoboka baseMazantsi, abacinezeli bamaIndiya, ezopolitiko nabanye abarhwaphilizo ixesha dibana kwaye uhlupheke ekuqwalaselweni komthetho ngokuqinisekileyo oza kuthi.

Kuzo zonke ubomi Kukho imicimbi emininzi ethathwa njenge iingozi. Iziganeko ezinjalo, ukukhankanya ezimbalwa: ukuzalwa ngokukodwa ixesha kwilizwe elithile, ubuhlanga, usapho kunye inkolo; ukuzalwa kwiimeko ezithandekayo okanye ezingathandekiyo; ukuzalwa kumsindo okanye umzimba onesifo; ukuzalwa benemikhwa ethile yengqondo kunye nokubanikwa kwengqondo. Ubomi babantu ubukhulu becala benzelwe iziganeko abangazukuzikhetha, ezibonakala ngathi zimiselwe ngengozi. Ezinye zezi Mathuba ekuboneleleni ngeshishini lokushishina, ishishini okanye umsebenzi; ithuba abantu obaqhelileyo ababangela, bathintele okanye baphephe ukunxulumana umsebenzi okanye urhwebo; kunye neemeko ezikhokelela okanye eziphazamisa umtshato kunye nobuhlobo.

Abantu, ukuba abajongi imicimbi njengezokwenzeka ithubababachaze njengokuthanda kwe UThixo Bafune intuthuzelo kubo inkolo.

Ilungelo lokushicilela 1974 ngu The Word Foundation, Inc.