UKUCINGA NOKUQINISA

UHarold W. Percival

ISAHLUKO IX

UKUQAPHELA

Icandelo 11

Iingcinga zishwankathelwe ngokufa komzuzu. Izehlo ezimiselwe emva koko, kubomi obulandelayo. I-flare-up kwiklasikhi yaseGrisi. Into malunga namaYuda. Isitampu sikaThixo ngexesha lokuzalwa. Intsapho. Isini. Isizathu sokutshintsha isini.

Izinto ezichaphazela okutsha ukubangumntu ngexesha lakhe ubomi Zimbini iiklasi. Kwiklasi enye ezinye iingcinga ye umenzi isahlulo esibonisa oko besikade sinaso ngaphambili ubomi; kwezinye zi iingcinga yangoku ubomi. The iingcinga a ubomi zizonke zi- ukufa njengoko isigqibo sokugweba. Isishwankathelo sinje ngokuphela kwencwadi okanye iitotali zeshishini ekupheleni konyaka. Iitotali iingcinga yexesha elidlulileyo ubomi imo Inkqubo yesiketshi elandelayo ubomi. Ezinye zezehlo zalo zimiselwe ngokuqinisekileyo, ezinye zivulekile.

Ngalo mzuzu we ukufa zonke iingcinga kunye nezenzo zexesha elidlulileyo ubomi ziyaqwalaselwa kwaye ziqondwe ngokuhamba umenzi isahlulo, esingqinisisa ingcinga ephambili. Apho ke kulungiswa izinto ezingasifanelanga kunye nezinye zezehlo ezincinci ezizayo ubomi. Ezi ndawo zingenakuchaphazeleka ziye zaba njalo ngokuzingisa ukucinga pa kwaye ubanqwenele, okanye ngenxa yokuba zinjalo iingcinga le ingaphandle yeyiphi njengoko isiphelo isenokuhlehliswa, Ukufika kwezi ziganeko kuye kwaconjululwa ngokuthe ngcembe ngexesha elidlulileyo ubomi, kwaye ngalo mzuzu we ukufa le umenzi bayazivuma kwaye bayazibopha.

Phakathi kweziganeko ezimiselwe ngalo mzuzu ukufa njengoko imiselwe kwangaphambili elandelayo ubomi okufanayo umenzi isahlulo yile ixesha xa oko ubomi uyakuqala, ugqatso, ilizwe kunye nobuzwe, uhlobo losapho ekuya kuzalwa kulo umzimba, isini, uhlobo lomzimba ilifa, indalo imilinganiselo, imisebenzi ephambili yendane izifo, abanye iingozi, iziganeko ezibucayi kunye ixesha kwaye indalo of ukufa. Ezi zinto zingenakugwenywa ziphawulwe kwi ezobe kwaye, ngakumbi apho babandakanyeka khona kwizenzo zeqela okanye ezininzi, ezothulwe kwindawo ebonakalayo kwaye ixesha by izinto eziphambili phantsi kolawulo lwe Ubukrelekrele kwaye ugcwalise i-Triune Selves.

E ukufa zomzimba zimiselwe ukuqala kunye nokuphela kokulandelayo ubomi emhlabeni. Oku akuthethi ukuba iyure, usuku kunye nonyaka zimiselwe ngokungqinelana nayo nayiphi na ikhalenda esemhlabeni. ixesha ngokomlinganiso wekhalenda ayisebenzi kwi umenzi. ixesha isebenza kwi indalo. Pha ixesha lutshintsho lwe units okanye ubunzima babantu units zabo ngokuphathelene kubanye ngabanye. Ulandelelwano lweenguqu kwi umenzi ilinganiswa ngokufezekiswa. Kukho ubudlelwane phakathi indalo ixesha, kunye nokufezekiswa kweenguqu kwi umenzi. Ukufika komfezekiso kuyahambelana nomhla okwikhalenda yomhlaba. Oku kuthetha ukuba iziganeko ebezihlelwe kwangaphambili kufanele ukuba zazenzekile ngaphambili ukufa inokwenzeka kwaye ukuba isifundo esithile kufuneka sigqitywe ngu umenzi isahlulo esilandelayo ubomi iyaqala.

Uhlanga, ilizwe, ubuzwe kunye inkolo zimiselwe kwangaphambili. Imigca yokomfuziselo kwi ezobe eziqinisekisiwe kwi ixesha of ukufa, biza iimpawu ezithile eziya kubonakala kwiimpawu zohlanga kunye nobuzwe nangokuzalwa kwilizwe elithile. Ukuzingca okusisiseko kunye ne-sloth ye abantu fumana inkcazo kuphuhliso olwahlukileyo ngokusebenzisa ubuhlanga obahlukeneyo. Iindlela zophuhliso ziimpawu zomlinganiswa. Ngokwabo abantu badityaniswe ngamaqela ohlanga; ezi zikhethekileyo kwizizwe; kwaye ezi kamva zitshintshwa ngumhlaba, imozulu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo ezi mpawu azibonakali, nangona kunjalo zibakhona kumgangatho omkhulu nangaphantsi. Ngamaxesha amaninzi umahluko awuphawuleki njengakwabanye okanye badibanisa, njengoko ukungafani kwezentlalo ngamanye amaxesha kuboniswa ziinxibo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zinqongophele ezi tokens. Nangona kunjalo, phantsi kwenqanaba langaphandle umahluko wangaphakathi uyaqhubeka kubuhlanga njengakwindawo yokuhlala. Ugqatso lweLatin luhlukile kwiCeltic nakwiSemite. Ukuzalwa kwinduli, ethafeni okanye elunxwemeni, kwindawo esecaleni okanye kwindawo eyikomkhulu lesizwe kuguqula ngakumbi ubuhlanga kunye neempawu zesizwe.

Abantu abanqweneli imeko ethile yobuhlanga abazalelwe kuyo. Mhlawumbi khange bayithathele ingqalelo kungakhathaliseki. Into ebangenise yona yayiyeyabo indalo-ngcamango, zabo ukucinga nje. Iziphumo ezinokwenzeka zezi azange bacinge. Isicebiso sokuziphuhlisa ukucinga okusebenzayo kwaye oko kushiye irekhodi lekamva kwi ezobe. Eyona nto iphambili kwi ukucinga ngaba yayilulangazelelo oluthile, iimvakalelo kwaye iminqweno. Oku kunye nendlela yokubonisa kwabo ingumxholo wohlanga. I ukucinga owayephila ngaphambili iminqweno kuhlobo oluthile olwalubonakalisa iimpawu zohlanga kunye nokucaciswa kwalo kunye nokuhlengahlengiswa. Imigca ye-cryptic kwi ezobe zenziwe kolo hlobo kwaye ngugqirha lona izinto zokuqala kamva umsebenzi ngaphandle ngokwasemzimbeni kungakhathaliseki xa bakha umzimba omtsha kwilizwe lokuzalwa kwayo.

Into etsala i umenzi ngakumbi ugqatso oluphantsi okanye ocinezelweyo iingcinga ekhokelela kulwalamano lwesondo kunye namalungu olo hlanga okanye ingcinezelo, intshutshiso okanye inkcaso yobuqu. Ubukho obunjalo kwakhona buhlala buziva bucinezelwa kwaye bungabikho kokusesikweni, kuba abantu abaziva njengabo bokwenene kugqatso. Abantu abangohlanga ngokwendalo okanye umxube bonwabile kuwo ngenxa yokuba bengabakho kwaye ngenxa yokuba luveza olwabo iimvakalelo kwaye iminqweno. Ngamanye amaxesha umntu oye wacinezela okanye wenzakalisa ugqatso uya kuzalelwa kulo ukuze athambise imizamo yakhe yokuphucula imeko yakhe. Ngamanye amaxesha umntu onembonakalo yakhe emzise elugqatsweni wenziwa ukuba azive iimvakalelo kunyanzelekile ukuba azibeke kwisikhundla awayengasiqondi. Ubukho kwakhona obudalwe zezi buyisela imigaqo igqibelele de ibe abenzi ukubandezeleka kubo kufundile.

Abenzi ziphinde zibekho kugqatso kangangexesha lazo iimvakalelo kwaye iminqweno kwaye i imilinganiselo ukubabonisa kufaneleke ngokukodwa kubume bobugqatso. Abenzi shiya ugqatso xa lungasakwazi ukubabonisa le nto ingaphakathi indalo kwaye emva koko bavela kugqatso olufanelekileyo. Abenzi ukubonakala kwimizimba yohlanga olushiyekileyo kunye nelizwe lihlala lihlukile kulo uphawu kwabo babefudula behleli kwimizimba yohlanga. Le yeyona sizathu kutheni ubuhlanga bubonakala bukhula benyuka. I nyaniso Ingaba lonto yi abenzi ezahlukeneyo uphawu Ngena.

Ukuqaqamba okumangalisayo kogqatso kunokubonwa kwiklasikhi yaseGrisi. Apho isitokhwe sexesha lakudala sasiphelelwe ngabantu abaqhelekileyo. Kodwa abanye babo babenotyekelo lokunyuka. Phakathi kwabo ngequbuliso kwabonakala ezimbalwa ziphinde zakhona abenzi ukusuka kwixesha le-prehistoric yozuko, kwaye benza iGrisi yeklasi.

Ngokwesiqhelo ukuthotywa kunye nokudityaniswa nabanye kubangela ukunyamalala kweentlanga kunye nohlanga. Abantu abahlala kwiindawo ezithile ngoko ke bahlala bohluke kakhulu kookhokho babo kwaye baluhlanga olwahlukileyo, nangona benempawu kunye nezinye imikhwa sisinde. Ke abenzi kumaYiputa amandulo ayengafani abenzi njengabo bahlala kwimizimba ngoku abazalwa njengamaYiputa. Yahluke kancinci ne-India. I abenzi ababehlala kwimizimba e-Indiya yakudala baye bancama ukuphinda babekhona apho kwaye abanakuphinda babekho kwakhona, de kuvele ugqatso elitsha kubo. Uninzi lwalo mdyarho wakudala osabakho kwakhona eIndiya baye bazikhathaza ngokuzingca okuphakamileyo kwaye, ngaphandle ko ukukhanya yakudala, hlala uphantsi iifomu. Kodwa abantu baseIndiya bohlanga olunye njengoko lwalunjalo abenzi owayenolwazi. Ngale nto bahlule kumaYiputa.

Umdyarho osinde phantse ungaguquki kwimbali yakudala ungumYuda. Iphila ngoku ngoba iminqweno ye abenzi zibekho kwakhona kuyo kwaye zazenzelwe umhlaba nezinto zomhlaba. Uhlanga luphela luyinqula enye yomhlaba omoya njenge UThixo, ngokunyaniseka okungaphezulu okanye okuncinci. Ke imali, izinto zexabiso lasemhlabeni kunye nokuzonwabisa, kunye nokuzonwabisa okuziyolisayo, yimivuzo evela UThixo iyanqula. Its iminqweno kwaye ukucinga ngokuba azikhathalelwa. Its iminqweno ukunyanzela i ukucinga ziinkonzo. Ezinye izizwe zomhlaba ziye zajonga ku zulwini, kunye nembeko, ubungangamsha kunye nobunyulu njengeziphelo ngokwazo kwaye ke zahlulele zona iminqweno Ngenxa yoko ke, bebengenanzanga emhlabeni unkulunkulu ngentliziyo yabo yonke kunye neminqweno kunye engqondweni njengamaYuda ngamanye amaxesha. Ayisiyenzi kuphela lo mhlaba unkulunkulu Babuyekeze ngenxa yonqulo lwabo, kodwa bayaphindezela. Iimpawu zobuhlanga ziqine kakhulu ngenxa yolu nqulo, ukuba ziqhubeka ngaphandle kwelizwe lobuhlanga kwaye ngaphandle kolwahlulo kubume obuqhelekileyo bobuzwe. AmaYuda athabatha ubuzwe belo lizwe ahlala kulo.

Oku kubonisa ukuba UThixo ayisekho kwalapha ekhaya njengohlanga omoya ziqhelekile, kodwa zikwindawo ethile uphawu. Lo moya unezizwe ezininzi, kodwa eso sizwe sihlala ngelixa ezinye sinyani sesona sisondele emhlabeni kwaye sisodwa ekunquleni izinto zomhlaba, ukuzala, imali kunye iimpahla. Uhlanga luyaqhubeka, luyanda okanye lwanyamalala ngokuhambelana ne iimvakalelo kwaye iminqweno kwaye i iinjongo okanye amabhongo abantu.

Ngaphandle kokuba kukho ugqatso abanokuthi bangene kulo, abenzi sukuphinda ubekhona njengohlanga. Apha apha kwaye kukho kuphela okungafunyanwayo. Ixesha lembali alililo elikhanyiselwe ngakumbi abenzi Unokufakwa kwiifoto. Imizimba yenyama enikezelwe naluphi na ugqatso lwembali ayizange ibe yindawo efanelekileyo yokuhlala. Ukuba kuvela ukukhanya abenzi enye iphinda ibekho, izifumana ikwindawo enobutshaba. Umzekelo ngulo kaSocrates.

Kwelinye icala iimvakalelo kwaye iminqweno of ezithile abenzi ukumisela kwangaphambili ngenxa yohlanga oluthile kunye nobuzwe, kwelinye kukho ngokuqinisekileyo indalo iziporho, izinto ezenziwe ngokuyintloko kuyo nayiphi na into ezine Izinto, ebambe abenzi kwezi ndidi kunye indalo kwaye ke phawula imizimba yabo ngokuzalwa kwabo. Ezi iziporho zinobuhlanga kunye nezelizwe. Umzekelo obalaseleyo ngumYuda UThixo. Bafumana amandla abo kumdla ngokudibeneyo we abenzi, enika i indalo-kungakhathaliseki ubukho buqu njengesithixo. Ezi Izithixo ziqhutywa ngu ukukhanya bavela abenzi, eyithumela ngelixa ibanqula njengohlanga Izithixo. Rhoqo ezi Izithixo yamkela into yokunqula yesalathi ixesha kwaye kunjalo kukholelwa ukuba Izithixo ngokukodwa zonqulo kunye ne Izithixo yohlanga oluthile. Njengobukho kwezi Izithixo kuxhomekeke kunqulo, kwinkolelo, kwiminqweno nakwinkonzo ye abenzi yohlanga okanye inkolo ebambeleyo abenzi ubabongoze kuzo zonke iimeko ezavuselela iimvakalelo, bavuselele umnqweno kwaye baveze ukukhanya ye Ubukrelekrele isuka e abenzi.

Kumaxesha eembali ezi Izithixo bezingunobangela we-cupidity kunye nemfazwe, ukuzithoba kunye nengcinezelo. Ngamanye amaxesha ulawulo lweenkosi kunye ne-oligarchies, ngamanye amaxesha ukunyuka kwevila kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukuxabana kwezenkolo kunye nentshutshiso zibonisa imisebenzi yezi zinto Izithixo phakathi kwamadoda. Emva kwesi sehlo Izithixo ziyenziwa, zitshintshiwe kwaye ziyanyamalala njengoko ubuhlanga buwenza ngaphambi kwezigcawu. Ngexesha lokuphila kwabo, nokuba lide okanye lifutshane, ezi Izithixo zizidalwa ezinamandla kwaye zibambelele kwi abenzi bohlanga lwabo kwaye inkolo ngokusebenzisa iimvakalelo kwaye iminqweno.

E ixesha ye ukufa zabantu abazinikeleyo ingcinga yokulawula faka uphawu lwazo Izithixo kwi ezobe. Oko kuthwala uphawu emva ukufa, iyithwala xa kuzalwa ngokutsha kwaye iyigxininisa uhlobo lokuphefumla. Ke ama-Katolika kunye namaJuda baphawulwa ekuzalweni njengento ethile inkolo. Kwimeko yamahlelo amaProtestanti uphawu alunamandla kangako, kodwa ikho.

Luhlobo kuphela losapho, oluqhelekileyo hayi olo luhlukileyo, apho umenzi Ukuzalwa kuya kumiselwa kwangaphambili. I inkolo, ubuhlanga kunye nobuzwe bunikezelwa ngokuzalwa kusapho olunabo. Ukuthubeleza kubonelela ithuba yokuzala kunye imilinganiselo, ukuba isahlulo esikhoyo masibe nabo. Iimpembelelo zokuqala zosapho zihlala zichaphazela indlela yokuziphatha kunye nokuthetha kulo lonke ixesha ubomi. Intsapho ngokubaluleka kwayo, ubutyebi kunye iinjongo inokubonelela Mathuba kuphuhliso olukunye usapho oluvuselelwa yintlupheko kwaye xanduva. Iimpembelelo ezakhayo ziza ngokuzalwa kusapho, nokuba ngaba zifikelela ngqo emntwaneni ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo ngabantu abazise usapho. Ubuhlanga, ubuzwe, kunye neempawu zenkolo zahlukile kwimbonakalo yomntu, imilinganiselo, Ukuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha ngokubanzi.

Imikhwa iphuhliswa okanye thintelwa kukuphathwa gadalala okanye ngobubele, njenga iimpawu ye uhlobo lokuphefumla nditsala umnxeba. I ilifa Oku kuzisa iimpawu zomzimba ezi- ingaphandle yeyakho yangaphambili yomntwana iingcinga, Unokuza kuphela usapho. Inxalenye yesimo sengqondo esinokufunyanwa njengelifa inokufunyanwa njengelifa kookhokho. Umsebenzi kunye nezinto ezilandelwayo ngaphakathi ubomi zihlala zinxulumana ngokusondeleyo nosapho ekuthi umenzi isahlulo sizelwe. Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ukuzalwa kusapho oluthile kuhlala kuthetha ukufikelela okanye ukukhutshwa ku inani zabantu. Ngokwesiqhelo usapho olungachazwanga. Kodwa imiselwe kwangaphambili xa kukho eyomeleleyo isiphelo ukubopha kwe uthando, intiyo okanye msebenzi phakathi abantu abadityaniswe kunye njengezalamane ezikufuphi, ukuze banamathele kude kube yilapho loo nto ibopha ibambekile. Okanye kusenokwenzeka ukuba usapho luneempawu ezingafumaneki kwenye indawo kwaye zodwa ezalisekisa iimfuno kwi uhlobo lokuphefumla.

Icala elisebenzayo okanye elinqabileyo lokwabelana ngesondo limiselwe kwangaphambili ekugqibeleni ubomi, elandelayo ubomi. The umenzi Akabelani ngesondo kunye nokuphinda kubekho umenzi isahlulo asinaso. Isini sesomzimba wenyama kwaye sithwele ngayo ukubonakaliswa kweengqondo ezithile iimpawu, kanye njengokuba iguqula imilinganiselo jikelele yomzimba oyindoda okanye owasetyhini. Izahlulo ezilishumi elinazibini zika umenzi, zithandathu zi umnqweno kwaye ezintandathu zikho imvakalelo. Umzimba oyindoda ubonakala kwaye umiselwe ngu umnqweno. Umzimba wabasetyhini ubonakaliswa kwaye unqunywe yi imvakalelo. Isithandathu umnqweno iziqendu ziphinda zenzeke ngokulandelelana kwimizimba yamadoda. Ngokunjalo, isithandathu imvakalelo iziqingatha ziphinda zibekhona kwimizimba yabasetyhini. Amacandelo amathathu Self Triune kwaye ukuphefumla kathathu kusebenza nganye kwaye kunokwenzekelayo, ngelixa ngalinye emoyeni is passive ukuya kwinto kunye nokuphefumla ku emoyeni. Eziphefumlo zintathu zibaluleke kakhulu ezi zinto zintathu zisebenza. Iziphumo ezilungileyo nezingalunganga ze umenzi njengelungu elinye ayingabesilisa okanye ababhinqileyo, kwaye yabo imisebenzi ngekhe kwahlulwe ngaloo ndlela; nangona kunjalo umenzi Inezinto zombini ezingakhange zisebenze. Indoda nemazi isini kwindiza ebonakalayo ingaphandle of cinga emele ulawulo lwe umnqweno okanye ze imvakalelo ye umenzi.

Amalungu esondo abonisa iintlobo of ukucinga, ijometri iimpawu Yimiqolo kunye nesangqa. Umgca ngumtya wokuhambisa izinto, kunye nesangqa esitywini. Kwizinto ezininzi ezinokubakho iifomu kwezi iimpawu zinokubonakala njengekholamu yamadoda kunye nokungena kwabasetyhini, njengokomgangatho oqinileyo kunye nomngxunya, nanjengecandelo kwigumbi. Ucinga ngoku ka imvakalelo or umnqweno kuzisa olu hlengahlengiso lwendalo iphela iintlobo. Amadoda nabafazi bacinga ngokwe imvakalelo kwaye umnqweno ukwenzela i imisebenzi zesini sabo. Ucinga ngokulandela i umnqweno Umsebenzi weduna uvelisa a cinga zesini zesilisa, isitampu imigca uhlobo lokuphefumla yiyo ke into etsala ukumisela ubuni besini. Ucinga ye imvakalelo ye imisebenzi ngowasetyhini, uvelisa a cinga yesini sabasetyhini, faka imigca kwi uhlobo lokuphefumla yiyo ke into etsala ukumisela ubuni besini.

Unobangela wokutshintsha isondo elilandelayo ubomi isahlulo esikhoyo sifunyanwa kwi ukucinga ukuthobela i umnqweno kwaye kunye imvakalelo okuchasene noko. Okubalulekileyo ukucinga ihlala ihamba kancinci kancinci kwaye yenziwa ngokokulandelelana kwe imvakalelo okanye ye umnqweno. Ukuchaphazeleka kwangaphambili ukucinga ngokohlobo oluhambelana. Umzekelo, xa umnqweno ye umenzi I-preonderates, i ukucinga iya kuba ngokwe- umnqweno ukwenzela i imisebenzi oyindoda kwaye uya kwenza umnqweno umntu obhinqileyo imvakalelo ecaleni kwengqondo yakhe ukuphefumla kwaye kanjalo uya kuthi abeke isondo somzimba wakhe olandelayo njengendoda. Kuzo zonke iimeko ukukhula kwamalungu esini kwenzeka ukusuka ezintso nasezinhlafunweni.

Kwi mhlaba oqhelekileyo kwindiza ebonakalayo umenzi iinxalenye zihlangana kwimizimba yenyama. Le mizimba iphambili kuyo isini. Njenge umenzi iinxalenye ziyahamba ubomi Babotshelelwa kwimizimba enje baye kubudlelwane obuhlala bujikeleze imilo yamadoda nabasetyhini kwimizimba. Ke apho iimvakalelo kwaye iminqweno zivuselelwe apho abantu phawula ngokungazi kwaye ujonge ubudlelwane obukhoyo phakathi kwabo nezahlulo ezingafakwanga. Umntu onobuxoki bakhe "Ndi," ucinga ngezihloko ezinxulumene ne isini. Phantse konke ukucinga ujike iimpahla, kuvela, imali, umtsalane, ukuzonwabisa, uluntu, uhlobo kwaye inkoloImvelaphi ye isini. Umkhwa kuyo yonke le nto ukuzisa abantu Isondo esingaboniswanga kubo. Xa iinxalenye ezintandathu zilandelelana ze umenzi zikho kwimizimba yamadoda, yazo amava nomntu obhinqileyo ngesondo, iidigri, bezise iinguqu kuhlobo lwezinto ezimisela isini. Kukho utshintsho ngokuthe ngcembe ku iimvakalelo kwaye iminqweno, kwaye xa uxinzelelo olwaneleyo lusenziwa ziinxalenye ezingekho- umenzi, ukucinga iqala ukwenza imigca ebukhali kwi uhlobo lokuphefumla ebiza ukuba kutshintshwe isini somzimba. Ukuba imigca iba namandla ngokwaneleyo ku ixesha of ukufa, isahlulo esikhoyo siyabavuma, kwaye utshintsho lwesini ekuboniseni kwayo alunakuthinteleka-kubonelelwe isiphelo Ivumela oku.

Ilungelo lokushicilela 1974 ngu The Word Foundation, Inc.