IDEMOCRACY YAYESELWE-URHULUMENTE

UHarold W. Percival

INXENYE I

IMALI, OKANYE ISIBHENGEZO SEDOLLAR

Akwaba bendinemali! Imali !! Imali !!! Abantu abaninzi benze esi sikhalo kunye nomtsalane nangomnqweno ongazenzisiyo, kwaye badlule ngaphaya kweminqweno yabo kwangoko kukucingisisa ngento abaza kuba nayo nabayenzayo, kwaye baya kuba nayo, ngemali — uSomandla.

Kwaye yintoni enyanisweni yimali! Imali kweli xesha lethu langoku nayiphi na imali okanye iphepha okanye nasiphina isixhobo esiphawulwe njengesixa esinikiweyo esiya kuxoxwa okanye esisetyenzisiweyo njengexesha lokutshintshiselana kwintlawulo yexabiso elifunyenweyo, okanye efunyenwe njengentlawulo ngexabiso elinikiweyo. Kwaye ubutyebi okanye ubutyebi balo naluphi na uhlobo luxabiso kwaye luqikelelwa ngokwemali.

Imali ebandayo yokwenyani njengemveliso yecandelo ibonakala ngathi ayisiyonto yokufumana imincili malunga nayo. Kodwa jonga iiBulls kunye neeBhere ekunyukeni okanye ekuweni kwemarike yemasheya! Okanye yazise ukuba yeyiphi igolide apho ikhoyo. Ke, ngenye indlela abantu abanobubele nabanobuntu abanokwenzeka banokukrazula iziqwenga, ukuze bafumane.

Kutheni le nto abantu baziva kwaye besenza ngale ndlela ngemali? Abantu baziva kwaye benza ngale ndlela kuba ngexesha lokuphuhliswa ngokuthe ngcembe kwishishini nakwishishini, bebekhula ngokuzinzileyo kwinkolelo yokuba impumelelo kunye nezinto ezintle zobomi ziqikelelwa ngokwemali; ukuba ngaphandle kwemali abazi nto, kwaye abanakwenza nto; kwaye ngemali banokufumana oko bafuna, kwaye banokwenza njengoko bethanda. Le nkolelo ichaphazele abantu abanobugwenxa bemali, kwaye yabamfamekisa ukubona izinto ezingcono ebomini. Kubantu abaphethwe yimali, imali is uSomandla, nguThixo wemali.

Imali kaThixo ayiveli mva nje. Akangomntu uthetha nje; Ungumntu ovumisa ngemeko yengqondo, eyilwe ngengcinga yomntu kumaxesha akudala. Ukutyhubela iminyaka uphulukene okanye ufumana amandla ngokomlinganiso wakhe kuqikelelo lwabantu, kwaye imbeko imhlawule ngababingeleli bakhe kunye neefesika. Kule mihla imali ibisenziwa nguTixo ngokwanda yimvakalelo kunye neminqweno kunye nokucinga kwabathandi bemali nabanquli bemali, kwaye ngoku usondele kumda wokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Kukho umanyano oqhelekileyo wobudlelwane phakathi kwabanquli bemali kaThixo. NguThixo onomona nophindezelayo. Ifuna ukuba phambili kubo bonke abanye oothixo, kwaye ibathanda kakhulu abo bayinqula ngayo yonke imvakalelo kunye neminqweno yabo kunye nokucinga kwabo.

Abo injongo yobomi babo ibikukuqokelela imali baye bafunda, ukuba akukho nto bayifundileyo, leyo imali ibiyindlela yokubanika into eninzi ebicinga ukuba bayifunayo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye ibathintele uxabiso olunzulu lwezinto abazifumeneyo; ukuba imali yabo ayinakubenzela le nto bayikholelwayo. Ukuzinikela kwabo ekufumaneni imali kwabenza bangafaneleki ukuba ziziyolo kunye neembonakalo ezinokuthi zonwabiswe nangabasweleyo; ukuba imisebenzi ebandakanywe ngokuqokelelwa kwemali iyenza inkosi eyonwabisayo nengapheliyo; nokokuba umntu afumanise ukuba ulikhoboka, emva kwexesha kuye kugqithisile ukuba azikhulise ekuphakameni kwalo. Ewe kunjalo, kuya kuba nzima kulowo ongakhange acinge ngokwaneleyo malunga nokuqonda iinyani; kwaye, abo bahlawula imali abayi kuyikholelwa. Kodwa kunokuba kuhle ukuqwalasela ezi zinto zilandelayo malunga nemali.

Imali eninzi kunenye unokuyisebenzisa ngokuqiqayo kuzo zonke iimfuno zakhe kwaye izibonelelo zakhe zamanje kukungqubeki, uxanduva; ukwanda kwayo kunye nokhathalelo lokuvuthwa kunokuba ngumthwalo omkhulu.

Imali ngawo onke amandla ayo okuthenga ayinakuthenga uthando, okanye ubuhlobo, okanye isazela, okanye ulonwabo. Bonke abo bazifunela imali bahlupheka. Imali ayinasimilo. Imali ayinasazela.

Ukwenza imali ngempazamo yokubandezeleka nentlupheko okanye urhwaphilizo lwabanye, kwangaxeshanye kwenza isihogo sengqondo ngekamva lomntu.

Indoda inokwenza imali, kodwa imali ayinakuyenza indoda. Imali luvavanyo lweempawu, kodwa ayinakwenza nto; ayinakongeza okanye ithathe nantoni na kulimo.

Amandla amakhulu anemali, anikezwe yona ngumntu; imali ayinamandla ayo. Imali ayinaxabiso ngaphandle kwexabiso elinikezwe ngabo bayisebenzisayo okanye abasebenza kuyo. Igolide ayinaxabiso langaphakathi le-iron.

Isonka nesonka kunye nejuba yamanzi zixabisa ngaphezulu kwesigidi seedola kwindoda ebulawa yindlala kwintlango.

Imali inokwenziwa yintsikelelo okanye isiqalekiso ngendlela esetyenziswa ngayo.

Abantu baya kukholelwa phantse kuyo nayiphi na into kwaye benze nantoni na ngemali.

Abanye abantu basebenza ngemali; bafumana imali kwabanye abantu ngokubaxelela ukuba bayifumana njani imali.

Abo imali isiza ngokufane bayazi indlela yokuxabisa. Abo bayazi ngcono indlela yokuxabisa imali ngabo bafunde ukuyenza, hayi ngokuqagela okanye ukungcakaza kodwa ngokucinga nangokusebenza nzima.

Imali yenza imali kwabo bayaziyo ukuyisebenzisa, kodwa ihlala izisa intshabalalo kunye nehlazo kwabo bazizityebi.

Ukuqonda iitrives ezinjalo kuya kunceda umntu ukuba anike ixabiso elixabisekileyo lakwimali.

Umntu onqula imali ekuthandeni kwakhe izinto uzamile ukwenza imali uSomandla. Imizamo yakhe iye yehlisa umgangatho kwaye yanciphisa ukuthembeka kwamadoda osomashishini. Kwishishini lale mihla igama lomntu alikho nje “njengeqhina lakhe,” kwaye ngenxa yoko bobabini bayathandabuza.

Imali ayisagcinwa phantsi kwelitye kwindawo ephantsi komhlaba, okanye phakathi kwebhodi kwi-Attic, okanye yangcwatyelwa embizeni yesinyithi egadini phantsi kodonga lwamatye, ukuze igcinwe ngokukhuselekileyo. Imali njengemali okanye iphepha ayigcinwa. Kutyalwe imali esitokisini okanye kwiibhondi okanye kwizakhiwo okanye kwishishini, apho inyuka ikhula ibe nkulu kakhulu ukuba ingabalwa kwaye igcinwe kwindawo yokugcina izinto okanye kwindawo yokugcina izinto okanye kwiimbiza zentsimbi. Kodwa nangona inani liphezulu, liphelile, umntu akanakuqiniseka ngalo; Ukothuka okanye imfazwe inokunciphisa ixabiso ukuba ingabi ngaphezu nje kokuba ifihlwe emngxunyeni kudonga lwethala.

Kuya kuba bubudenge ukuzama ukujongela phantsi ixabiso lemali okanye ulibale ngeenjongo ezintle ezingenakusetyenziselwa imali. Kodwa imali yenziwe ukuba ihlale ingcinga yabantu kangangokuba phantse yonke into kufuneka ixabiswe ngokwemali. Phantse wonke umntu ukhwele kwaye uqhutywa yimali kaThixo. Uyabakhapha aze abaqhubele ekuzimiseleni. Uye wagxotha abantu ukuba baphazamise, kwaye uya kubaqhubela entshabalalweni ukuba akagungxulwa, ehliswe kwisikhundla sokuba ngumkhonzi ohloniphekileyo kwaye ke ubekwe endaweni yakhe efanelekileyo.

Njengomzi wogcino zigcinwa ukugcina nokuhambisa amanzi, ke amaziko emali okanye iibhanki asekwa njengendawo yokugcina imali, kwanokunikezelwa kwemali nangayiphi na indlela nangayiphi na into ethathelwa ingqalelo. Amaziko emali ziisetingi okanye iitempile zobukumkani, kodwa itrone yokoqobo isezintliziyweni nasebuchotsheni kwabo bayile imali, nasezintliziyweni nasebuchotsheni babo bamxhasa ngenkonzo yabo. Ubekwe etroneni, ngelixa ababingeleli bakhe kunye nabasebenza imiqondiso yemali yokutshintsha bayamzukisa, kwaye abaxhasi bakhe kwihlabathi liphela bayabhenela kuye kwaye bazimisele ukuthobela imiyalelo yababingeleli bakhe.

Indlela elula yokukhupha imali kaThixo kunye nokulahla ngokuthe ngcembe kubabingeleli bakhe kunye neenkosana kukuba abantu baqonde ngokucacileyo ukuba imali kuphela lwemali or iphepha; ukuba yinto yobuntwana kwaye ihlekisa ukuzama ukwenza imali ngugqirha wezengqondo okanye uthixo wengqondo wesinyithi okanye iphepha; ukuba kungcono, imali yimali nje kuphela isicaka esiluncedo, esingaze senziwe inkosi. Ngoku oku kubonakala kulula ngokwaneleyo, kodwa xa inyani yokwenene iqondwa kwaye ivakalelwa, imali kaThixo iya kuba ilahlekile kwitrone yakhe.

Kodwa kuthekani ngabarhwebi bemali, abaqhubi kunye nabaqhathi! Ngaba zingena phi? Abalungelanga. Le yingxaki. Kwizame zokungena ngaphakathi, izixuku zemali zishishini noorhulumente ngaphandle kwendawo, kwaye zibangela uphazamiseko. Indoda eyisebenzisa imali okanye indoda eyimali ayifanele ihlupheke ngenxa yokutshintsha komsebenzi; uhlala eyindoda enobuchule bokukwazi ukusebenza, kwaye uyakufumana isikhundla esiluncedo ngakumbi nesibekekileyo, mhlawumbi kurhulumente. Ayilunganga ukuba imali kufuneka yenziwe ibeyishishini. Ishishini kufuneka lisebenzise imali ekwenzeni umsebenzi walo (ishishini lemali, okanye ishishini lemali) kodwa akukho sidingo seshishini okanye kufuneka livumele imali ukulawula okanye ukuqhuba ishishini. Yintoni umahluko? Umahluko ngumahluko phakathi komlinganiswa kunye nemali. Imali iye yaba sisiseko kunye nobuthathaka beshishini.

Uhlobo kufuneka lube sisiseko kunye namandla kwishishini. Ishishini alinakuze livakale kwaye lithembeke ukuba lisekwe yimali endaweni yobume. Imali yeyona nto iphambili kuluntu lweshishini. Xa ishishini lisekwe kubume endaweni yemali kuya kubakho ukuzithemba kwilizwe liphela, kuba isimilo sisekwe ekunyanisekeni nasekunyanisekeni. Isimilo somelele kwaye sithembeke ngakumbi kunayo nayiphi na ibhanki. Njengoko ukuthengiselana kweshishini kuxhomekeke ubukhulu becala kwikhredithi, ikhredithi kufuneka ixhomekeke kubume njengoxanduva, hayi kwimali.

Kukho indlela elula yokwenza ishishini ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka phakathi korhulumente neshishini, eziziswa ngabaxhaphazi bemali, ababingeleli bemali kaThixo. Unxibelelwano olufanelekileyo phakathi kwezorhwebo phakathi kukarhulumente nabantu kukuba urhulumente kufanelekile ukuba abe lixabiso labantu kwaye abantu kufuneka babe ngabaqinisekisi bakarhulumente. Ngokuphathelele imali, oku kungenziwa ngumntu wangasese okanye umntu oshishino, omlingisi wakhe usekwe ekunyanisekeni nasekunyanisekeni nasekugcinweni kweemvumelwano zakhe, oko kuthetha uxanduva. Amadoda anjalo ayokwaziwa ngurhulumente okanye ayakuthi afunelwe abanye abaziwayo. Umntu ngamnye ololu hlobo uza kubeka imali yakhe kurhulumente kunye nokwamkelwa kwemali yakhe kunye nokubanjwa kwakhe yipasile iya kuba ngurhulumente onesiqinisekiso sokuthenga ngetyala. Ukutshintshwa kwemali kuya kwenziwa ngesebe likarhulumente. Imeko yemali yomntu lowo okanye yeshishini iya kuba irekhodiwe kurhulumente. Kwanendoda ebenganyanisekanga ayinakuba nesibindi sokunganyaniseki. Umntu ongaphumelelanga kwizibambiso zakhe okanye anike ingxelo ebubuxoki yeakhawunti ngokuqinisekileyo uya kufunyanwa kwaye wohlwaywe, angathenjwa nangayiphi na inkxalabo yeshishini, kwaye akunakubakho zimali zemali ekubolekwe kuzo. Kodwa ngesimilo kunye nobuchule kunye nerekhodi ecocekileyo, kunye noxanduva, unokuboleka kurhulumente ngayo nayiphi na ishishini elisemthethweni.

Inokuba yintoni isibonelelo sokutshintsha urhulumente abe yibhanki, kunye neshishini ukuze liqhubeke nokusebenza ngezimali ngurhulumente, endaweni yamaziko asebhanki aqhelekileyo, njengangoku? Kuya kubakho izibonelelo ezininzi, kwaye urhulumente wayengayi kuba yibhanki. Kwelinye isebe likarhulumente bekuya kuba lisebe lemali, kwaye liza kuba neeofisi apho kufuneka khona. Ulwaphulo phantse lwazo zonke iintlobo lujika imali kwaye lusekwe imali, kwaye izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezinkulu ziyaqhutywa ngemali. Izindlu ezihloniphekayo nezinoxanduva lokubhankisha azibolekisi imali ngqo kwizaphuli mthetho. Kodwa abantu abahamba bodwa banokuboleka imali kubambiswano ngemali yokuxhasa imisebenzi yolwaphulo-mthetho olukhulu kangaka. Ngaphandle kweebhanki imisebenzi yolwaphulo-mthetho kuya kufuneka iyeke. Abathathi-ntsapho abanakubaboleka kwisebe lezemali likarhulumente kwishishini elingekho mthethweni. Ke kuya kubakho ukubambeka okuncinci okucekeceke kweshishini, kwaye ukubhengezwa kwemali kuya kuncipha ngokuthe chu. Okwangoku, imali neebhanki zahlukile kwishishini kurhulumente. Ngala ndlela, amashishini kunye norhulumente banokudityaniswa kwaye babe nomdla omnye. Ngomnyango wesebe, imali iya kubekwa kwindawo yayo efanelekileyo; kuya kubakho ukuzithemba kwishishini, kwaye urhulumente kunye neshishini baya kuxolelwa. Imali iya kuthi ngokuthe ngcembe iphulukane namandla anikezelwe yona kwaye abantu baya kuba bengoyiki ikamva ngokuxhomekeka ngokufanelekileyo nokuzithemba kubo. Phakathi kwezinto ezininzi ezilungileyo zokuba ishishini liqhubele phambili ngokusebenza kwemali liSebe laseburhulumenteni, kukuba bonke abagcini mali kunye neshishini banomdla kwaye bayazi ngoxanduva lwabo lokugcina ingqibelelo kurhulumente, njengoko banjalo ngokuziphatha ishishini labo. Ngoku, endaweni yokuqonda ukuba inoxanduva lobungcwele kunye namandla oorhulumente, amashishini azama ukufumana inzuzo ekhethekileyo kurhulumente. Inzame nganye enjalo yoyisa inkululeko; iyenza buthathaka kwaye ithambekise ukudicilela phantsi urhulumente wabantu.

Ukujonga emva kwikamva, xa abantu beya kubona izinto kunye neemeko ngokwenyani, ezopolitiko zanamhlanje ziya kubonakala ziyinto entle. Kuya kuthi emva koko kubonwe ukuba amadoda anamhlanje, njengamadoda, ayenentliziyo entle ngokwenene; kodwa ukuba la madoda afanayo, njengeqela lezopolitiko, enza ngokungathi ziingcuka kunye neempungutye kunokuba enze ngendlela abaqhelekileyo ngayo abantu. Kule meko ikhoyo yezopolitiko-ngelixa iqela ngalinye lezopolitiko lisebenzisa zonke iindlela ezinokubakho kunye nesixhobo sokuhlambalaza abanye kwaye lifumane inkoliseko yabantu ukuze bafumane iivoti zabo kwaye babe nokufumana urhulumente-ibiyakuba bubudenge ukwenza into. isebe lemali likarhulumente. Eso isenokuba yeyona mpazamo imbi kakhulu inokongezwa kwiimpazamo ezininzi eziqhubekayo zikarhulumente. Ke iindawo ezixineneyo zemali kunye nengcali yemali kunye nemali uNapoleon wayeya kungqinga elo sebe lemali. Hayi! Akukho nto yohlobo olunokuthi luzame de oosomashishini kunye namashishini abonakalayo acacileyo azibone izibonelelo zako kunye nemfuneko yoko. Izibonelelo ziya kubonakala ngokucinga ngengxaki yemali kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo okufanelekileyo kunye nokubeka imali kwindawo yayo efanelekileyo.

Ekugqibeleni kuya kubakho iziko, elifana nesebe likarhulumente wemali, xa abantu begqibe kwelokuba babe nentando yesininzi. Oku kungaziswa ngurhulumente ngokwakhe. Njengokuba umntu ngamnye elawula, kulawula urhulumente wabantu, abantu bonke abantu. Kodwa eli liphupha! Ewe, liphupha elo; kodwa njengephupha kuyinyani. Kwaye konke ukongeza ekwenzeni impucuko ukuba ibe yintoni iphupha-liyinene ngaphambi kokuba libe yinyani yeekhonkrithi ekuyo. Injini yomphunga, i-telegraph, umnxeba, umbane, inqwelo moya, unomathotholo, onke amaphupha awekho kwakudala; Iphupha ngalinye elinjalo lahlaziywa, lanyeliswa, kwaye laphikiswa; kodwa ngoku ziyinyani ezisebenzayo. Ke ngoku, iphupha lokusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kwemali ngokunxulumene neshishini norhulumente kwaye iya kuba yinyani. Kwaye isimilo kufuneka kwaye siya kuxabiswa ngaphezulu kwemali.

Idemokrasi yokwenyani kufuneka ibe yinto eUnited States ukuba impucuko iyaqhubeka.

Ilungelo lokushicilela 1980 ngu The Word Foundation, Inc.