IDEMOCRACY YAYESELWE-URHULUMENTE

UHarold W. Percival

ICANDELO II

UMNQOPHISO

Ukunyaniseka kunye nokunyaniseka luphawu olwahlula umntu kakuhle. Lonke uhambo olusuka ekunyanisekeni nasekunyanisekeni kwingcinga kunye nesenzo lukhokelela kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo okwenza okungalunganga kunye nobuxoki uphawu olwahlukileyo lempawu yokungalungisi. Ukunyaniseka nokunyaniseka zezona migaqo-siseko ibalulekileyo yomntu kuluntu. Umlinganiswa ophuhliswe kule migaqo unamandla ngakumbi kunamathele kwaye ucocekile kunegolide. Ke isimilo siya kuma kuzo zonke iimvavanyo nezilingo; kuya kuba njalo kwinkqubela nakwinkxwaleko; Iya kubhalwa ngovuyo okanye usizi, kwaye iya kuxhomekeka phantsi kwazo zonke iimeko neemeko zobomi. Kodwa isimilo kunye neenkuthazo ngaphandle kokunyaniseka nokunyaniseka zihlala zingaqinisekanga, ziyahluka, kwaye azithembakali.

Abalinganiswa babonisiwe kwaye bayaziwa ngeempawu zabo ezahlukileyo, njengeempawu, ubuntu, imikhwa, imikhwa, utyekelo, izimo zengqondo, inkcubeko, imikhwa, ebonisa uhlobo lomntu alulo. Ihlala isitsho into yokuba iimpawu zomlinganiswa zihlala zihlala ziimpawu ezahlulileyo zomlinganiswa lowo. Ayinakuba yinyani leyo, ngaphandle koko isimilo esihle siya kuhlala silungile; uphawu olubi luza kuba lubi. Ke abalinganiswa abalungileyo abanakuba babi, okanye ababi babe ngabalinganiswa abalungileyo. Ukuba kuyinyani, ebengalunganga kakhulu alunakuba lubi kakhulu, kwaye ngekhe babenakho ukubangcono. Kuyinyani ukuba isimo sengqondo okanye umtsalane sidla ngokuqhubeka njengophawu olwahlukileyo lomlinganiswa. Kodwa isimilo kuye nawuphi na umntu unamandla okutshintsha imeko kunye nemikhwa yakhe yokuziphatha okanye elungileyo okanye elungileyo, njengaxa ethanda. Umlingiswa awenziwanga yimikhwa; imikhwa iyenziwa kwaye itshintshwe umlingiswa. Ifuna umgudu omncinci wokuthoba isidima kunye nokuthoba isimilo somntu, ngokuthelekiswa nomzamo wokuhlakulela kunye nokuphucula kunye nokuqinisa.

Isimo esinjengemvakalelo-kunye-nomnqweno weDover emntwini ibonakaliswa kwinto ethethwayo nangoko yenziweyo, ngokulungileyo nokungalunganga. Ukugqwesa kwimisebenzi kubangelwa kukucinga nokwenza ngokuhambelana nokulunga kunye nesizathu. Nawuphi na umbono okanye isenzo esichasene nokulunga nesizathu, kumthetho nakwezomthetho, ayichanekanga Ukucinga okungalunganga kugubungele okulungile kwaye kwandisa okungalunganga. Ukucinga ngokuchanekileyo kutshintsha kwaye kubhangise okungalunganga kwaye kubonise ilungelo. Ngenxa yomthetho kunye nokusesikweni kwii-worlds kwaye ngenxa yokuba ukunyaniseka nokunyaniseka njengemigaqo kuyindalo kwi-Doer, ukulunga kunye nokuqiqa kuya kuthi ekugqibeleni kukoyise ukugqwetha kunye nokungekho sikweni komntu. Umlinganiswa ukhetha ukulungisa iimpazamo ngokucinga ngokufanelekileyo nangezenzo ezichanekileyo okanye ukufihla ilungelo kwaye ke ukuvumela okuphosakeleyo kubonakalise kwaye kwandise. Njalo umlinganiswa ukhetha ngendlela acinga ngayo, kwaye acinga ngendlela ekhetha ngayo. Imbewu yazo zonke iimpawu ezintle kunye nokubi, ulonwabo kunye nentlungu, izifo kunye nokunyanga, imvelaphi kwaye ikhula kwiimpawu emntwini. Ngokucinga nokwenza, umlinganiswa ukhetha oko aza kufuna ukubonisa.

Ngaphandle komlinganiswa owahlukileyo, into ayiyo umntu ingangumqobo ongenantsingiselo yomcimbi. Indoda njengomatshini ayinakwenza isimilo; isimilo njengoMenzi esenza umatshini ongumntu. Umlinganiswa ulungele ukwahlula yonke into eyenziweyo. Kwaye yonke into eyenziweyo ibenamanqaku ahlukileyo kwimvakalelo-kunye nomnqweno walowo uqalisiweyo okanye owenzileyo. Iimpawu zomlingiswa ziphefumlelwe ngokusebenzisa ithoni yamagama onke athethwayo, ngokukhangela iliso, ukubonakalisa ubuso, ukuqaqamba entloko, ukuhamba kwesandla, ukuhamba, ukuthwala umzimba kwaye ikakhulu ngommandla womzimba ogcinwe uphila kwaye ujikelezwe zezi iimpawu.

Lonke uphawu, njengoluvo-kunye nomnqweno woMthengi emntwini, kwasekuqaleni kwahlulwa ngokunyaniseka kunye nokunyaniseka. Kodwa, ngenxa yamava ayo nabanye abalinganiswa abasehlabathini, yatshintsha iimpawu zayo ukuba zifane nezinye ezazijongana nazo, kude kube kubalinganiswa obahlukileyo njengoko banjalo namhlanje. Amava okuqala aphindaphindwa yimvakalelo kunye neminqweno yabo bonke oDo, lixesha ngalinye elingena ngalo emhlabeni. Ngamaxesha athile emva kokuba uMnyango ungene emzimbeni womntu oza kuhlala kuwo, ubuza umama womzimba ukuba amxelele ukuba ngubani kwaye phi, phi kwaye uvelaphi Umama olungileyo akazi ukuba lowo ubuzayo umbuzo akunguye apha umntwana. Ulibale ukuba ngaxeshanye wabuza kunina imibuzo efanayo naleyo yenziwe nguMenzi emntwaneni wakhe. Akazi ukuba wothusa uMenzi xa eyixelela ukuba ngumntwana wakhe lowo; ukuba amzise kuye ugqirha okanye inkuku; igama lawo ulinike umzimba ukuba ngumntwana wakhe. Umenzi uyazi ukuba ezo ngxelo aziyonyani, kwaye wothukile. Emva kwexesha, iyaqaphela ukuba abantu abanyanisekanga omnye komnye kunye nayo. Xa uMenzi ngokwenyani ethembekile into ayenzileyo, ebengafanelekanga ukuba yenziwe, umzimba ophakathi uhlala ukrokrelwa kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ubethwa okanye ukhathazwe. Ke, kumava, ngokuthe ngcembe ifunda ukunganyaniseki nokunganyaniseki, kwizinto ezinkulu okanye ezincinci.

Umlingiswa uyatshintsha okanye uyala ukutshintsha iimpawu zayo, ngokokukhetha okanye ekuzivumela ukuba kuko. Oku kunokugqiba nangaliphi na ixesha ebomini; kwaye ihlala ilulolo ikulo okanye lutshintsho kwiimpawu ezikhethayo ukuba nayo ngokucinga nokuziva njengoko kunye noko ifuna ukuba kuko. Kwaye inokuba nentembeko kunye nenyaniso njengophawu lwayo olwahlulayo ngokumisela ukuba nayo kwaye ibe yiyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukunyaniseka nokunyaniseka kuyimigaqo yokuLunga kunye nokuqiqa, umthetho kunye nobulungisa, apho kulawulwa khona eli lizwe kunye neminye imizimba esemoyeni, kwaye apho kufanelekileyo ukuba uMenzi kulo lonke umzimba womntu uhlangane, ukuze unokuba noxanduva, umthetho ngaphakathi kuye, aze abe ngummi wokuthobela umthetho welizwe ahlala kulo.

Ngaba uMenzi osemntwini angqamana njani kuLungelo lokuBala nokuqiqa ukuze umntu acinge kwaye enze ngokomthetho nangobulungisa?

Makubekho ukuqondwa okucacileyo: ukulunga nesizathu kukuba uMcinga, kunye nesazisi nolwazi olwaziyo, lokungafi komntu oziqu ezintathu ezithi ziqu, njengoMenzi emzimbeni, yinxalenye ebalulekileyo.

Ukuze kuvunyelwene ngako, uMxhasi kufuneka azihambise. Ubulungisa ngumthetho ongapheliyo kulo lonke ihlabathi. Emntwini sisazela. Kwaye isazela sithetha njengoluhlu lolwazi lokulunga ngokunxulumene nayiphi na into yokuziphatha. Xa isazela sithetha, oko kungumthetho, kulunga, ekuya kuthi ekuphenduleni kuMenzi lowo kwaye kufuneka kusetyenzwe ngokukuko ukuba oko kuya kuzibophelela kulunga kwaye uphawu lwalo luphawuleke ngokunyaniseka. Olu luhlobo lunokwenza kwaye luyakwenza ukuba lugqiba ukumamela kwaye lukhokelwe sisazela, njengenani elibonakalayo lolwazi lwangaphakathi lokulunga, ngokunxulumene nawuphi na umba wokuziphatha okanye umbuzo. Iimvakalelo zoMenzi kuluntu kunqabile, ukuba kunjalo, zinika ingqalelo kwisazela saso. Endaweni yokubuza nokumamela isazela, ukuziva kunika ingqalelo yayo kwiimvo ezivela kwizinto zendalo eziza ngokusebenzisa iimvakalelo, kwaye neziphi iimvakalelo ezivakala njengemvakalelo. Ukuphendula kwiimvakalelo, imvakalelo ibhekiswa kwaye ikhokelwe zizimvo kwizinto zoluvo kunye nokulandela apho ikhokelela khona; kwaye iimvakalelo zinika amava, akukho nto ngaphandle kwamava. Kwaye isininzi sawo onke amava kukuchana. Ukucacisa ngutitshala wobuchule nobuqhetseba. Ke ngoko, ngokuchaphazela njengoko imvakalelo yomthetho wayo ikhokelelwa kwiindlela ezinxaxhileyo kwaye ekugqibeleni ayikwazi ukuzikhupha kwizibonelelo ezifumaneka kuyo.

Kulungile ke, yintoni ubulungisa? Abstractly, nanjenge generalization, Ubulungisa lulawulo olulinganayo lomthetho wokuLunga kuwo wonke umhlaba. KuMenzi emntwini, Ubulungisa sisenzo solwazi ngokunxulumene nomxholo, ngokuhambelana nomthetho wokuLunga. Kule nto, umnqweno kufuneka uphendule, kwaye kufuneka wenjenjalo, ukuba uza kuzifikelela kwiBala kwaye wahluleke ngokunyaniseka. Kodwa ukuba umnqweno woMenzi ebantwini uyala ukumamela ukuqiqa, uyakuwucekisa umthetho wokuLunga, onokuthi uvakalelwe. Endaweni yokukhetha ukuba ube nengcebiso yeSizathu, umnqweno onganyanzelekanga wokuphumeza imiyalelo yeemvakalelo ezilandelayo, kwaye ungasoloko usalalela ukuhambelana malunga noko kufuneka okanye ungakwenzi. Ngaphandle kwesizathu, umnqweno wenza amandla ayo ukuba ibe yimithetho elungileyo; kwaye, ukwenza ithuba, kuthathwa ngokuba ubulungiswa ukuze bufumane loo nto bayifunayo. Kuyakonakalisa okanye konakalise ukufumana le nto ayifunayo. Ke ubume boMenzi emntwini ophatha umthetho kunye nocwangco, kwaye ulutshaba ekunyanisekeni.

Amandla ligunya lazo lezinto zendalo ngokusebenzisa amandla endalo. Amandla okwethutyana; ayinakuthenjwa.

Umlingiswa unegunya lakhe emthethweni kunye nezoBulungisa kwisigxina solwazi, apho kungekho mathandabuzo.

Isimilo kufuneka silawulwe, ukuze ikwazi ukwenza ngobulungisa kwaye ingakhohliseki, kungenjalo izinto zezinto eziziimvakalelo ziya kuqhubeka zisijongela phantsi kwaye zilikhoboka.

UMenzi ixesha elide unokulawula kwaye alawulwe ngamandla ngaphandle, endaweni yokuzilawula ngamandla okuziphatha ngaphakathi. Kodwa ayinakuhlala ikwenza oko. UMenzi kufuneka afunde kwaye uya kufunda ukuba njengoko woyisa ngokunyanzelwa, uya kuthi ngokunjalo waphoxwa ngamandla. Umenzi wenqabe ngokuqhubekayo ukufunda ukuba uMthetho ongapheliyo kunye nezoBulungisa zilawula umhlaba; ukuba ungaqhubekeki wonakalisa imizimba ekuhlala kuyo, iphinde iphindwe emhlabeni wonke; ukuba ifunde ukuzilawula ngamandla okuziphatha okuhle nokuqiqa ngaphakathi, kwaye ihambelane nolawulo lobulungisa lwehlabathi.

Lixesha ngoku, okanye elizayo, xa uMenzi engasayi kuphinda asebenze ukutshabalalisa imizimba yakhe. UMenzi emntwini uya kuyazi into yokuba yimvakalelo namandla aqondayo emzimbeni; iya kuqonda ukuba nguMenzi oZimeleyo oGxothiweyo kunye noKwazi owakho ongaziqukuliyo wesiqu esinye. Umenzi uyakuqonda ukuba oko kuyimfuno yakhe, kwaye umdla wabo bonke aBenzi kwimizimba yabantu, ukuze bazilawule ngokulunga kunye nokuqiqa ngaphakathi. Ke iyakubona kwaye iqonde ukuba ngokuzimela-geqe inayo yonke into enokufumana, kwaye akukho nto ilahlekileyo. Ukuqonda oku, uluntu luya kukhula ngokuzithemba ukuya ekuboneni nasekuveni nasekungcambeni nasekungcoleni komhlaba omtsha. Kwaye kuya kubakho isizwana esikhulu njengoko umntu ngamnye ezilawula kwaye esenza umhlaba ukuba ube ngumyezo, apho kuya kubakho ukuqonda nothando, kuba ngamnye uMenzi uya kuyazi eyakhe into yokucinga kwaye eyazi kwaye iya kuhamba ngamandla kwaye iseluxolweni . Elo lizwe elizayo liza kuziswa njengangoku ngokuphuhliswa kwabalinganiswa abazilawulayo. Iqu-government iyisiqinisekiso sayo samandla kunye nokuthenjwa komlingiswa. Isimo kunye norhulumente ziya kuba kwaye ziya kugqitywa ngurhulumente wokuzilawula.

Ilungelo lokushicilela 1980 ngu The Word Foundation, Inc.