IDEMOCRACY YAYESELWE-URHULUMENTE

UHarold W. Percival

ICANDELO III

IMIGAQO-NKQUBO YEDEMOKHRASI YENKONZO NGOKULUNGISELELWEYO

Idemokrasi njengorhulumente wokuzilawula ebantwini ayinako ukusekwa ngokuchaseneyo komntu ngokuchasene nendoda, okanye emadodeni endalo enesanti yokutshintsha. Idemokhrasi njengorhulumente wabantu abazilawulayo, urhulumente ophilayo oya kuhlala ehleli ukutyhubela iminyaka, kufuneka isekwe hayi kwimigaqo-nkqubo eguqukayo kodwa kwimigaqo eqinileyo; kufuneka isekwe kwimigaqo emntwini eyinyani, isazisi, ukuchaneka, isizathu, nobuhle, amandla, kwaye, lolo thando lokuqonda okungagungqiyo kuyo yonke iDover engabantu emntwini, ebunyeni kunye ubudlelwane baBenza abazi ngemizimba yabantu. Xa urhulumente esekwe ngale mithetho-siseko iya kuba yintando yesininzi, kwaye iya kuqhubeka njengorhulumente ngokusisigxina wabantu ukutyhubela iminyaka. Le migaqo ikuye wonke umntu, nokuba kuninzi kangakanani na ekusenokwenzeka ukuba wayebafihlile okanye wabagubungela okungalunganga, ukuthobeka, ububi, ukuzingca, intiyo. Iya kuba lilize ukuzama ukususa isigqubuthelo. Baza kuwa bakuba nje abantu beqonda ukuba le mithetho yedemokhrasi iyinyani. Bamele babe kuye ukuba yimithetho-siseko yenkululeko. Njengoko abantu beyazi le migaqo ngokwabo, baya kuba nakho ukuchaza amathemba abo angachazwanga, ukucacisa iminqweno yabo engapheliyo, ukuvakalisa iingcinga ezingaphakathi kubo bonke abantu ngendlela entsha, indlela ebhetele, yobomi bonke abanokuthi ngokufanayo Cinga kwaye usebenze, ngamnye ngendlela yakhe, kodwa ukuze kulunge kubo bonke.

Indlela endala

Indlela yobomi yakudala ichaziwe kumabinzana, anje ngala: "Indoda nganye," "Ukusinda kweFittest," okanye "uKulunga kulungile." Kwaye umgaqo-nkqubo okanye ubume bukarhulumente buye: "expediency." Uluntu luye lwaphila ukutyhubela inkohliso kunye ne-barbarian yenqanaba lokuzonwabisa ngaphandle kokuphuma kubo. Kodwa ukukhula kunye nentuthuko kuphuculo kuye kwazisa umntu ukuphela kweNdlela endala. Ubundlobongela bendoda ekuzifuneleni yona kuphela ukuze iphile ngamandla akhe ngaphezulu kwabanye, nakweyiphi na intsimi yokuzama, kunye nokukhutshwa, kushishino njengaseburhulumenteni, yimigangatho yeLungelo, ihambile ukuya kuthi ga ngoku kwiNdlela endala. Ukuqhubeka neNdlela endala kuya kuzisa isiphithiphithi, uguquko, kunye nokutshabalalisa ishishini norhulumente ngemfazwe nokufa. Ukuqhubeka ngeNdlela endala kuya kuba kukubuyela ekuqaleni kweNdlela yakudala: Akukho ndoda iya kuthembela nayiphi na indoda. Indoda nganye iya kulwa nayo nayiphi na enye indoda. Bangathini na ke ukusinda?

Indlela entsha

Indlela yakudala yayiye: enye okanye embalwa ngokuchasene nabaninzi, kwaye uninzi luchasene noluncinci okanye bambalwa. Indlela eNtsha yile: enye okanye bambalwa abambalwa, kwaye amaninzi kubo bonke kwaye kubo bonke. Oku kufuneka kubonwe njengeNdlela eNtsha yobomi, kungenjalo akuyi kubakho Ndlela eNtsha. Ezi nyaniso azinakunyanzeliswa “kwabambalwa” okanye “kwabaninzi.” Abambalwa nabaninzi, njengabantu, bonke kufuneka baqonde ukuba le yiNdlela eNtsha-indlela elungileyo nethe ngqo ebomini, kwimpucuko, ukuya kwintando yesininzi.

Amashishini amakhulu kunye noRhulumente

Ishishini lixhalabile ngomsebenzi wokuvelisa kunye nosetyenziso kunye nakwezonxibelelwano notshintshiselwano ngokuthenga nangokuthengisa.

Ukuba injongo yotshintsho kukunceda bonke abachaphazelekayo, abavelisi kunye nabathengi kunye nabathengi kunye nabathengisi baya kuxhamla. Kodwa ukuba injongo yabantu abathengi kunye nabathengisi okanye abathengisi kukufumana ngendleko okanye ngaphandle kokujonga abo bantu bangabavelisi kunye nabathengi, ke ishishini lokuthenga nokuthengisa liya kuphulukana nelahleko, kuba ilahleko Abanye bababantu kufuneka bangeniswe ngokungathandabuzekiyo ngabo bonke abantu. Le nyaniso iphosakeleyo, engabonakaliyo okanye engakhathalelwanga, yenye yezizathu zoku kusilela kwishishini.

Ishishini elincinci laqala xa abanye abantu babetshintshana nabanye abantu ngezinto abanazo ngezinto zabanye. Ke bonke abantu abachaphazelekayo bayazuza ngokutshintsha izinto ababenazo kodwa bengazidingi ngokokufumana izinto benaniselana ngazo. Xa usapho lufuna ukwakha indlu, bonke abantu banceda loo ntsapho yakha loo ndlu. Kwaye olo luhlu kunye nabantu bakhula, ngokuvelisa kwaye batshintshiselana ngemveliso kunye nomsebenzi wabo nomnye. Banda kwaye banda. Uninzi loovulindlela kwilizwe elitsha kwakufuneka lwenziwe ngaloo ndlela.

Kodwa ishishini loovulindlela lotshintshiselwano alunakuqhubeka ngolo hlobo. Urhwebo kunye nabasebenzi kunye nokwenza kunye nokuthengisela abathengisi bafuna indlela yotshintshiselwano. Kwaye imali ibiphakathi yokutshintshiselana. Emva kokuba imali isungulwe njengeyona ndlela iphakathi yokutshintshiselana, abantu bagxila kwimali yabo endaweni yokutshintsha kwezinto, kuba becinga ukuba xa benokuyifumana imali banokuthenga nantoni na enokuthengwa. Ishishini ngelo xesha yayixabisa imali njengommeli wenzuzo okanye inzuzo kwinto ebeyithengile okanye iyithengisile. Emva kwexesha, endaweni yokuthatha imali njengommeli wexabiso, ishishini lenze imali ukuba ibe lixabiso ngokwayo; Ixabiso lezinto ezithengisiweyo nezithengisiweyo, kunye nexabiso njengenzuzo okanye ilahleko koko kuthengweyo kunye kuthengisiweyo.

Ngelixa imali ibisamele kuphela kwixabiso lezinto ezithengiweyo nezithengisiweyo, ishishini yayiyinkokheli yemali; kodwa xa umlinganiso wexabiso wabekwa ngokwemali, imali yaba yinkosi kwishishini kunye neshishini laba likhoboka lemali, lothethathethwano kunye nokuthenga kunye nokuthengisa ngenjongo yokufumana, kunye nokuqokelelwa kwemali njengokuqaqamba okukodwa kweshishini elikhulu.

Amashishini amakhulu naluphi na uhlobo kunye nalo lonke uhlobo lokuzama ukufumana. Nantoni na ekhethiweyo ebangelwe inzuzo, iya kuveliswa. Ukuba akukho mfuneko yento leyo, kuya kufuneka kwenziwe ibango kwaye loo nto ithengiswe ngenzala. Umsebenzi weshishini elikhulu kukungalindi de abantu bathenge, kungazami ukuthengisa okulungileyo ngokukhetha okubi ebantwini; ishishini elikhulu lokwenza abantu ukuba bathengise izinto ezinokubakho ngokulula ukuthenga, ezilungileyo okanye ezimbi, kwaye kuthengiso lwenzuzo.

Ukuphuma, ukufumana kunye nokuthengisa, bubugcisa beshishini elikhulu, elenzelwa ingqondo, elenzelwe ukuthengiswa kunye nokuthengiswa. Kutyholwa ukuba nantoni na, elungileyo okanye embi, inokuthengisa ngentengiso. Intengiso ephezulu yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kukuthengisa. Uxinzelelo lubekwa kwintengiso ngamaphepha emihla ngemihla, iimagazini zaphakathi evekini, inyanga nenyanga, kunye nebhodi yezikhombisi, kunye nemikhanyiso, imifanekiso eshukumayo, unomathotholo, nangokusebenzisa oomatshini abaphilayo abantu - konke oku kuxinzelelo oluphezulu.

U-Barnum wayengumthengisi weentengiso eziphezulu zoxinzelelo Wayeyazi into awayethetha ngayo xa wathi: “Abantu bayathanda ukukhohliswa.” Uye wayingqina loo nto.

Intengiso evulekileyo yamashishini amakhulu yenza ukuba abantu bakhethe ukuthenga nantoni na ngokubashukumisayo kwaye babhenele kubuthathaka babo: amampunge, umona, ikhwele, ukubawa, inkanuko; kwaye, engakwenziwanga ekuhleni, yenziwa ngokubhekele phaya xa ichasene nomthetho, efana neshishini elikhulu lokuthengiswa kwamachiza iziyobisi ezingavumelekanga, iewayini notywala, kunye nezinye izithuthi ezingekho mthethweni.

Okukhona kukho amashishini amakhulu, kunokubakho ukhetho olungezantsi lwabantu abalithengayo. Abantu baxelelwa ngamashishini amakhulu ukuba bakhethe ntoni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha abantu abanjalo baya kufuna ukuxelelwa ukuba bakhethe ntoni. Ngaphezulu kwegunya kweshishini elikhulu, igunya elincinci labakho ebantwini. Elona nyathelo lithathwa lishishini elikhulu, lelona linyathelo elincinci ebantwini. Abantu bavumela ishishini elikhulu ukuba lithathe inyathelo labo kunye negunya ngokubhekisele koko bakudingayo kwaye bafuna, ngokubaxelela ngento abayifunayo kunye ekufuneka beyithenga okanye ekufuneka beyithengile.

Urhulumente uza kuba lishishini elikhulu ukuba abantu banika igunya okanye bavumela urhulumente ukuba athathe igunya leshishini elikhulu. Xa urhulumente evunyelwe ngabantu ukuba babe ngamashishini, ke kubakho imfazwe phakathi kukarhulumente kunye namashishini amakhulu. Ke amashishini amakhulu aya kulawula kwaye ayalele urhulumente okanye urhulumente athathe indawo aze abe shishini elikhulu. Kwaye ishishini elikhulu likarhulumente liya kuthi libe kuphela kweshishini elikhulu lelizwe. Urhulumente ke uzakuba nelungelo lokuphatha yedwa ilizwe kunye nabantu, eyokuthi, ingayinto efanelekileyo yeshishini elikhulu. Ishishini elikhulu likarhulumente liya kuqasha abantu belizwe njengabasebenzi kunye njengabasebenzi kwingqesho yoRhulumente omkhulu weShishini. Ke urhulumente omkhulu woorhwebo uya kulwa imfazwe noorhulumente abenza imfazwe kwishishini labo, kunye noorhulumente nabo abathathe inxaxheba kuwo okanye bawalathise amashishini amakhulu amazwe abo, kwaye benze oorhulumente babo ukuba benze amashishini amakhulu. Ukuba urhulumente akaqali ukulwa namanye amazwe, kuya kubakho imfazwe phakathi kwabasebenzi bakaRhulumente nabasebenzi bakarhulumente. Ke: goodbye ishishini; akukho rhulumente.

Kuyamangalisa ishishini elikhulu ukuzama ukulawula urhulumente kwaye, kuya kuba yinto embi ukuba urhulumente alawule okanye athabathe inxaxheba kwaye ibe yishishini elikhulu. Ukunyuka kwelinye ngaphezu kwelinye kunokuba yingozi kunye nentlekele ebantwini.

Ishishini labucala kufuneka livunyelwe okanye lincediswe ekuzilungiseleleni ngokwalo ngokubona imfuno yokunceda kunye nokulungiselela abantu.

Amashishini amakhulu azabalaza ukubonisa ukukhula rhoqo. Ukuze ukhule kwaye uzuze kufuneka ufumane ngakumbi ishishini. Ekuhambeni kwexesha ishishini linesi sifo, kukukhula komhlaza okungafunekiyo kunye nokungalunganga. Isifo somhlaza seshishini elikhulu siyaqhubeka ukusasazeka. Njengoko ikhula ngaphezulu kwemfuno yoluntu lwayo isasazeka nakwezinye izixeko nakwimimandla kwisizwe nakwamanye amazwe ide isasazeke kuzo zonke izizwe zomhlaba. Ke ishishini elikhulu lesizwe ngasinye liyasokola kwishishini elikhulu lezinye izizwe. Kwaye ishishini elikhulu lesizwe ngasinye lifuna urhulumente wakhe ukukhusela umdla walo kwisizwe ekulo, ukufumana ishishini kwelinye ishishini elikhulu. Kukho ukutshintshana kwezikhalazo kunye nokusongelwa koorhulumente; kwaye, kunokwenzeka ukuba kube yimfazwe. Eli shishini likhulayo lihlala lisanda yenye yeengxaki zabantu behlabathi.

Kufuneka kubekho umda ekukhuleni kweshishini elikhulu, kungenjalo kuyakubulala okanye kulawule elinye ishishini. Iya konyusa ukufunwa kwalabo kufuneka ibasebenzele ide ibangele ukuba bathenge ngaphezulu kwamandla abo okuthenga. Ke iyabhubha ngenxa yokugcwala, okanye, ukuba iyaqhubeka, ngokulungelelanisa amaxesha ngamaxesha, nangokuphelisa amatyala ayo kubabambisi bayo nakubantu.

Ishishini lanamhlanje ngumsebenzi, kungekuphela kokuphila kodwa ukuzuza ngezinto zorhwebo, ezemizi-mveliso neminye imisebenzi; Ukusuka kumashishini amakhulu anqumlayo ukuya kwishishini elincinci, injongo yeshishini kukufumana kangangoko anokunikwa ngokutshintshiselana. Ishishini lelona xesha lililo xa lixhamla wonke umntu ochaphazelekayo. Ushishino lusemngciphekweni xa onke amalungu alo elungiselelwe yonke into inyanzeliswa ukwenza imali. Ke ukuqhubana ngokungekho sikweni kunye nokunganyaniseki kuyenziwa, kwaye iimfuno zabaninzi azihoywa.

Amashishini amakhulu asekwe ekufezekisweni kwenjongo kunye nokunika okanye ukufumana okuthile kwinto eyenziweyo okanye enikiweyo. Ukuba "ukhuphiswano bubomi bezorhwebo," njengoko kusitsho, ukunganyaniseki kurhwebo nakubantu, kungenjalo urhwebo kufuneka lufe. Ukhuphiswano kufuneka lube ekuveliseni inqaku elingcono ngaphandle kokonyuka kwexabiso, hayi kubakhuphiswano abathengisa inqaku elinye ngamaxabiso onakalisayo ukuze boyise omnye komnye. Ukuqhubeka nokusika amaxabiso asezantsi umgangatho weemveliso, uthengise ngaphantsi kweendleko, ukhohlisa umthengi, kwaye ukhuthaza abantu ukuba bajonge izivumelwano ngokuhlawula umthengisi.

Ukuba inkululeko, ithuba, kunye nokufumana ulonwabo ngamalungelo omntu wentando yesininzi, ke imida efanelekileyo kufuneka ibekelwe ukukhula kweshishini, kungenjalo ishishini elikhulu liza kuthatha lize liwaphelise loo malungelo.

Inye kuphela indlela apho amashishini amakhulu anokuqhubeka neshishini elikhulu. Ngale ndlela: ukuvumela inzuzo kumvelisi; ukuba amanqaku athengiselwe abantu abamele; ukuba ishishini lihlawula umvuzo olungileyo kubasebenzi bayo; nokokuba igcinile, kodwa ayisiyiyo kwaphela kunengqiqo, izenzele inzuzo.

Ishishini alikho okanye alinakwenziwa ngoku, kuba ukhuphiswano lufuna kwaye lukhuthaze ukungachazwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokunganyaniseki kubadlali abakhuphisana nabo; kuba ishishini lixabisa kakhulu ngaphezulu; kuba ishishini lizama ukuthengisela umthengi ngaphezulu kunokuba umthengi enokuhlawula; kuba abantu bangamaqabane athule oshishino, kwaye ishishini aliboni ukuba yinto engacacanga yokuba engazukunceda abantu iyakubachasene nemidla yeshishini.

Yinto enye ukuchaza okungalunganga kwishishini; ngomnye umcimbi ukubalungisa nokubaphilisa. Unyango alunokusetyenziswa ngaphandle; Unyango lokuba lunyango kufuneka lwenziwe ngaphakathi. Unyango kufuneka luvele kwishishini nakubantu. Akunakufane yenzeke ukuba amadoda amashishini afanelekileyo abone okanye asebenzise unyango ukuze lusebenze; kwaye, ukuba ishishini lifuna ukufaka unyango, akunakufane kwenzeke ukuba abantu bame ngasemva babaxhase. Abantu banokufaka unyango ukuba bayathanda, kodwa kuphela xa benako.

Unyango kufuneka lucelwe kwishishini ngabantu. Xa ibango linamandla ngokwaneleyo kwishishini kufuneka lihambelane neemfuno zesicelo, kuba akunakubakho shishini ngaphandle kwabantu. Abantu kufuneka bafune ukuba kuyo yonke imisebenzi yayo ishishini lithathele ingqalelo iimfuno zabo bonke abachaphazelekayo; ukuba ayizukubandakanya kukhuphiswano olunganyanisekanga ukuze urhwebo lukhuseleke; ukuba zonke izinto ezithengiswayo zingabhengezwa, kodwa abo bathengayo baya kuncitshiswa kwintengiso ephezulu yoxinzelelo babaxelele ukuba bathenge ntoni kwaye bababongoze ukuba bathenge, ukuze abantu ngokwabo babe nokuzikhethela bazithenge ngokwamandla abo; ukuba zonke izinto ezipapashiweyo zimelwe; ukuba izinto ezithengisiweyo zimele ukubuya zinengqiqo, kodwa ingeyiyo inzuzo enkulu; kwaye, ukuba inzuzo yahlulele phakathi kwabaqeshi nabasebenzi-hayi ngokulinganayo kodwa ngokulinganayo, ngokwento abaqeshi nabasebenzi abayifaka kushishino. Oku kunokwenziwa, kodwa inxenye yeshishini kuyo ayinakwenziwa ngabantu. Inxalenye yeshishini layo kufuneka yenziwe lishishini. Oku kunokuba yimfuno yabantu. Amashishini eshishini kuphela komntu onokuphendula kwiimfuno kwaye onokuhlangabezana neemfuno, ukuba bayakususa abangaboniyo bokuzingca okugqithileyo ngokwaneleyo ukuze babone ukuba ngokwenza oko iya kuba yeyabo inzala ekugqibeleni. Leyo yinxalenye yeshishini kunyango.

Kodwa inxenye yabantu yeyona ndawo ibalulekileyo kunyango; Oko kukuthi, abantu abayi kuthenga kwishishini ukuba ishishini alithobeli iimfuno zabo ezichaziweyo. Abantu kufuneka baqonde ukuba, ukuba intengiso yeempahla zentengiso iyathengiswa ngexabiso eliphantsi, bayakhohliswa ngumthengisi okanye bencedisa umthengisi ukonakalisa umvelisi; emva koko bayala ukubandakanyeka kulwaphulo-mthetho oluncinci. Abantu mabenqabe ukujikeleza ishishini eliqhubana ngerhafu ekhethekileyo, kuba ishishini alinakuthengisa ngeendleko ezantsi kwaye lihlala likwishishini; lushishini lokunganyaniseki. Ukuba abantu bayokunyaniseka kwishishini, ishishini kufuneka lithembeke ebantwini ukuze baqhubeke neshishini.

Ushishino kunye noorhulumente ngabameli babantu. Ngaba abantu bafuna ngokwenene urhulumente onyanisekileyo, kunye neshishini elithembekileyo? Ke bona ngokwabo kufuneka banyaniseke ngokwenyani; okanye, ngaba uBarnum wayenyanisile xa wathi: “Abantu bafuna ukukhohliswa”? Kuyaqiqa ukuba, ukuba bayazikhathalela bodwa, ukuba bayayiqonda imeko njengoko injalo, abantu baya kuba noorhulumente onyanisekileyo, kunye neshishini elithembekileyo, ngokulawula nokuzilawula ngokwabo. Ukusukela kunye nohlanga ngenxa yokwenza imali okanye kukwenza indoda imali maniac. I-maniacs yemali yenza umhlaba ukuba ube yindawo yokuphambela. Phambi kwabo ingcinga yabo ekhokelayo, emelwe yinzuzo, inzuzo, imali, nayiphi na imali. Emva kokuba umntu wosulelwe kukungqubana kwemali okanye akakwazi ukuhlaziya imeko yakhe. Imisebenzi yakhe kunye nokuqhuba kwengeniso, imali, makangamvumeli ukuba afumane ithuba lokujonga nawuphi na umda kwingeniso kunye nemali ayifunayo, okanye ukuba ugqatso luza kumthatha nini okanye luyakuphela nini, kwaye yintoni eza kuba kukuqokelelwa kwakhe emva komdibaniso Ugqatso, angakwazi okanye angamyeki, lugqithile.

Ngokuzenzekelayo uyazi ukuba ukufa kubaleka kunye nokuba ngaphambili okanye emva kwakhe kungasemva. Kodwa akanakho ukuvumela ukufa ukuba kuphazamisane nezicwangciso zakhe ngoku; uxakeke kakhulu. Ufunda kancinane okanye akukho nto ayifumana kwimizekelo yamaxhoba ama-mania awaphambi kwakhe okanye kwabo bangabalingane naye; ufuna ukwazi kuphela ukwenza imali ngakumbi. Kodwa ujongwa ngenkxalabo abo balinde ukufa kwakhe. Xa ebhukuqiwe kwaye uthathwe kukufa, uyalibala kwangoko. Kwaye abo baxhamli bakhe abangakhange bosuleleke sisifo semania ngokukhawuleza bazichithachithe imali yakhe.

Kukho injongo kuyo yonke into eyenzekayo. Emva kwenjongo ethile kukho ezinye iinjongo. Emva kwenjongo yeshishini, ukusukela kwishishini elincinci lokugqibela ukuya kwishishini eliphambili, kukho ezinye iinjongo ngaphandle kokwenza imali. Imali kuphela kwelinye lamavili ayimfuneko kumatshini weshishini omkhulu. Umnquli-zithixo wedola uhlala enobuqili kwaye emxinwa; Uhlala kunqabile, ukuba kunjalo, ubukrelekrele okanye ubuchule beshishini elikhulu. Amashishini amakhulu afuna ukuba nomfanekiso ngqondweni kunye nokuqonda. Amashishini amakhulu aqokeleleka ngaphakathi kwaye abandakanya kuluhlu lwawo onke amabakala amane abasebenzi, njengoko lingenakwenza ngaphandle koluhlu ngalunye kwezi: Umsebenzi womzimba, umrhwebi, umntu osebenza ngokucinga, nomsebenzi owaziyo. I-Physics, i-chemistry, i-biology, i-biology kunye nawo onke amanye amasebe ezenzululwazi, kunye nezobugcisa, iiprofessional, kunye nezikolo zokufunda zinegalelo kushishino nakwezorhwebo ekusebenzeni noqoqosho kushishino olukhulu.

Emva kwazo zonke iinjongo kuye kwakho injongo ekhokelayo kuphuhliso lwamashishini amakhulu kunye noorhulumente kwihlabathi liphela, ngakumbi e-United States yaseMelika. Ukusuka kuvulindlela onenjongo yokuxhomekeka kuxanduva kwinkululeko nakwilizwe elitsha elinemida ephangaleleyo, kubakhi bamashishini amakhulu abavula iindlela ezintsha emhlabeni nasemhlabeni, abasebenza bekhangela ubunzulu bamanzi, abalwa neziqhwithi kunye nokukhwela umoya, kwaye abafikelela kwinqanaba elitsha lokukhanya ngaphaya, bahlala bekhona, bengaziwa, ngokusebenza kakuhle kunye noqoqosho, yonke into yenzekile ngenjongo. Ukuba kuphuhliso lweshishini elikhulu injongo kufuneka ibe yinto engagungqisiyo kwaye igxile kwidola, ukufumana nokubamba, ke ishishini elikhulu linengxaki yokuzingca okukufutshane; Imvumelwano yehorons kunye notshintsho lombono kunye nokukhula; amandla kunye nezixhobo zeshishini elikhulu zithintelwe kwimfazwe yamashishini. Ke oorhulumente bafuna ishishini elikhulu kwiimfazwe zamazwe.

Ukuphela kwemfazwe kukukhusela inkululeko, ukukhusela umhlaba nabantu. Umlo wokoyisa, oweshishini okanye wokuphangwa, ulwa nentando yesininzi, kwaye kufuneka uchaswe kwaye uthintelwe ebantwini.

Ukuba amashishini amakhulu avumelekile ukulawula urhulumente, okanye urhulumente wase-United States uvunyelwe ukuba alawule okanye abe yishishini elikhulu, urhulumente kunye namashishini amakhulu baya kusilela kwaye abantu babenoxanduva lokusilela kwabo, kuba abantu khange benze ngokwabo ukuzibamba nokuzilawula, kwaye kuba abavoteli bengazange bakhethe kwaye banyula njengorhulumente wabo abameli ababezilawula kwaye kungenjalo belungele ukulawula iimfuno zabantu. Ke injongo ekhokelela kurhulumente kunye namashishini amakhulu uyayeka isikhokelo sayo, kwaye urhulumente kunye namashishini amakhulu kunye nabantu basebenze i-amuck.

Eli lixesha lokulingwa, intlekele, yenkululeko, yabantu. Kwaye inzame zenzelwa ukuba zikhokele iingcinga zabantu kunye noorhulumente bangenise uphawu lwenye ye “ology” okanye “isms.” Ukuba abantu bayazivumela benziwe umlo, inokuba sisiphelo sedemokhrasi. Ke abantu abasoloko bekhwaza ezindlebeni zabanye inkululeko, inkululeko, ubulungisa, ithuba, kunye ne "et ceteras," baya kuba baphulukene nethuba lokufumana le nto bangazukuyenza. Idemokrasi iyinto engaphantsi ko-buqu. Zonke iincwadi ezilungileyo nezilumko zehlabathi azinakho ukwenza okanye ukunika abantu inkululeko. Ukuba kuya kubakho idemokhrasi e-United States abantu mabayenze. Abantu abanakuba nentando yesininzi ukuba abayi kuzilawula. Ukuba abantu ababantu abazami ukulawula nokulawula banokuyeka ukukhwaza kwaye bayeke abezopolitiko abanamafutha okanye oothunywashe abakhathaleleyo bathule babambe kwaye babakhwebise bade boyike. Yiloo nto eyenzekayo kwiindawo zomhlaba namhlanje. Yiloo nto inokwenzeka apha ukuba izifundo ezinganikezelwanga nguzwilakhe ngoku zinokufunda. Umntu ngamnye ozenzele eyakhe kunye neqela lakhe kwaye angayifumana nantoni na kurhulumente, kwaye ufuna oko angakuthenga ngaphandle kweshishini, ngumbhali wexhoba kunye neshishini, iqela lakhe, kunye norhulumente. Ulixhoba lokuphindaphindwa kunye nokunganyaniseki kwakhe.

Umntu ngamnye ofuna idemokhrasi aqalise ukuzilawula ngokwakhe, kwaye kungekudala, siya kuba nenkululeko yedemokhrasi yokwenene, kwaye ishishini elikhulu liza kufumanisa ukuba ekusebenzeni iimfuno zabo bonke abantu kuba besebenzela ezabo izinto.

Lowo unevoti kwaye angazukuvota, ufanelwe kokubi kakhulu anokunikwa ngurhulumente. Umvoti ongavoteyo awona mntu ubekekileyo kwaye kufaneleke ukuba alawule, kungakhathalekile ukuba uthini, kufanele ukuba uxhonywe emgceni kwaye utye ezandleni zopolitiko nabaphathi babo.

Urhulumente namashishini abanakukwenzela abantu izinto abangazukuziqala ngokwabo kwaye bagxininise ukuba urhulumente kunye namashishini amakhulu kufuneka benze. Kanjani? Umntu wabantu ngabantu abaninzi koorhulumente abathile — abalungileyo, abangalunganga, kwaye abanamdla. Abantu banokuqalisa ukuzeyisa kwizinto ezincinci kwaye bazilawule kwizinto ezinkulu ngokucinga nangokwenza oko bekwazi ukuba kulungile kwaye bazithintele ekubonakaliseni kwinto abayaziyo ukuba iphosakele. Oku ayinamdla kwabangenantlonelo, kodwa abantu abazimiseleyo banokukwenza. Ngelixa belawula okona kubalasele kokukhona, abantu bayazenzela. Iya kuba ngamava amatsha apho, njengoko baqhubeka, beya kukhulisa umbono omtsha wamandla noxanduva. Urhulumente ngokwakhe uza kunika ukuqonda ngento efunekayo kwishishini elikhulu nakurhulumente ngabantu, njengedemokhrasi. Urhulumente kunye namashishini amakhulu kufuneka ke axhalabele iimfuno zabantu abamanyeneyo nabanoxanduva. Njengabantu ababodwa abaziqhelanisa nokuzeyisa kwaye baqalise ukufunda ubugcisa obukhulu kunye nesayensi yoorhulumente bokuzilawula, kuya kubonakala ngakumbi ebantwini ukuba kukho injongo ekhokelayo emva korhulumente kunye namashishini amakhulu; I-United States lilizwe elinekamva elikhulu; Ngaphandle kweziphoso zayo ezininzi iUnited States iphuhlisa ikamva elingummangaliso kunayo nayiphi na i-Utopia ekhe yaphupha okanye yakhulelwa.

Ixesha elizayo iya kuba lolwandiso lwezinto ezifezekileyo kule minyaka ingamashumi amahlanu idlulileyo, kulawulo kunye nokuya kwicala lemikhosi yendalo elungiselela iimfuno zabantu, ngokomgangatho wokuzibamba kunye nokuzibamba ngurhulumente wabo balathisa imikhosi. Injongo ekhokelela emva kweshishini elikhulu kwaye abantu ibikukuba baqeqesha imizimba yabo kunye nengqondo yeeprojekthi ezinkulu kunye nokwenza okukhulu, kuluhlu olubanzi lokucinga, ukuqiqa okuqinisekileyo, kunye nomgwebo ofanelekileyo malunga nemikhosi engaziwayo kunye nenyaniso.

Inokuqwalaselwa ukuba amashishini amakhulu ahlawule izabelo ezinkulu kubatyali-mali bobuchopho kunye nengqondo, ngexesha labo nemali; ukuba kubekho ulwando olukhulu kubutyebi besizwe; ukuba kuye kwakho ukwanda okungapheliyo kwezinto zokunethezeka kunye nokuzilungiselela kwabantu; kwaye ezi kunye nezinye izibonelelo zibange phantsi kwenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yongxowankulu. Ukuhamba kunye neenzuzo ezinkulu kukho izinto ezininzi ezimbi, ezinjengokuxinana kwenani labantu, imithetho engekho mthethweni, ukugwayimba okudumileyo, ukusilela kweshishini, ukothuka, intlupheko, ukungoneliseki, ukuchas 'umthetho, ukunxila kunye nosizi. Izinto ezibihlelayo azikhange zivele kwishishini okanye kurhulumente okanye kulo naliphi na iqela, kodwa kuwo onke amaqela; ukusuka ekukulungeleni kweqela ngalinye ukugxeka amanye amaqela nokuzibonela ngokwawo kwiintsilelo zalo, kunye nokungafuneki kwabo bonke ukubona izibakala njengoko zibalulekile.

Nazi ezinye iinyani ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe: Iimeko ze- "capital" kunye "zabasebenzi" ziye zabhejiswa nangona bejamelene nobunzima bemfazwe yabo. Ilizwe kunye namashishini amakhulu bandile kubutyebi nangona enye ichithe imali kwaye ibambe elinye ngokuzama ukuthintela nokulawula elinye. Abantu kunye namashishini amakhulu baxhamle omnye komnye nangona ishishini libiza imali eninzi njengoko abantu banokuthi babhatale “ngamaxabiso eerhafu,” kwaye nangona abantu baye bazingela ukufumana iimveliso ezingezantsi kweendleko zemveliso. Ishishini kunye noorhulumente kunye namaqela nabantu basebenzele iimfuno zabo ngaphandle kokuthathela ingqalelo (kwaye bahlala bechasene nezinto abanomdla kuzo). Umntu ngamnye okanye iqela elizamile ukufihla iinjongo zalo ngenjongo yokukhohlisa abanye, likwenzile oko ngokuchaseneyo nomdla walo kwaye ulixhoba lokukhohlisa okungaboni. Onke amaqela asebenze ngeenjongo ezinqamlezileyo, ukanti zikho izibonelelo.

Ukusuka ekuqwalaselweni kwezibakala umntu unokuqiqa ngokufanelekileyo ukuba kungakanani okunokwenziwa kuye wonke umntu ukuba ezinye izithintelo kunye neziphene zisusiwe kwaye inkunkuma yaguqukela kwiinzuzo, ukuba kuphela ngabantu kunye neshishini elikhulu kunye noorhulumente abaya kubona iinyani, batshintshe amaqhinga, kwaye atshintshe ukungavisisani kwabo ngezivumelwano zokuxhamla, kunye nokutshintshana ngemfazwe yeqela ngokuchasene neqela ukuze kubekho uxolo kunye nokuphucuka kwawo onke amaqela nabantu. Oku kungenziwa ukuba abantu ngokucinga bazakuphazanyiswa kukuqonda ukuba umdla wabo bonke abantu kwaye kufanelekile ukuba ibe yimdla yomntu ngamnye, ukuba iimfuno zomntu ngamnye kwaye kufanelekile bonke abantu. Ezi ngxelo zinokuvakala ngathi ziyathakatha kunye nokungancedi ukubamba irabha, kunye nokugcobhoza iindlebe kunye nokucaphukisa abantu abanobuchule kunye nabaphumelelayo. Kodwa ezi nyaniso zisisiseko nezibusayo kufuneka zichazwe kwaye ziphinde zenziwe zize ziqondwe ngabantu kunye namashishini amakhulu kunye noorhulumente ukuba babe ziinyaniso ezizizo. Emva koko ziya kuba sisiseko apho onke amabakala amane aya kwakha inkululeko yedemokhrasi.

Njengomtya esweni, izinyo, isithupha esibuhlungu, ilitye elisesicathulweni, okanye izithintelo ekuthetheni ziyakuchaphazela ngqo ukucinga kwakho kunye nesenzo somzimba, ke ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kulunga okanye kugule okwenzeka emntwini, ngokunjalo nentuthuko okanye uxinzelelo lwabantu ziya kusabela kwaye zichaphazele umntu lowo. Umahluko kuthelekiso phakathi kwetyala lomntu nelabantu kukuba umntu ngamnye akwazi ukusiqonda isicelo kuba esondelelene namalungu onke omzimba wakhe. kodwa nangona engekho kuyo yonke eminye imizimba yabantu, unxulumene nelinye nelinye kuyo yonke eminye imizimba yabantu. Bonke abanengqiqo kuyo yonke imizimba yabantu abanakufa; Zonke ziyafana kwimvelaphi; Zonke zinenjongo enye; kwaye ngamnye uya kuthi egqibelele ngokugqibelela kwakhe. Ubudlelwane kunye nobunye babo bonke abaziyo bubuNtu emntwini. Zonke zisenokungayiqondi le nto ngaxeshanye. Kodwa kulungile ukuba uyiqwalasele, kuba iyinyani.

Ngenxa yezibakala ezibonisiweyo kufanelekile ukuba zibuze: Ngaba amashishini amakhulu aya kuba likhoboka kunqulo-zithixo lwedola, okanye iya kubona ukuba eyakho inomdla eluntwini?

Ngaba urhulumente uzakulibala okanye ayale ukuqonda ukuba isiseko sentando yesininzi ngurhulumente ngabantu kwaye iimfuno zabo bonke abantu ngurhulumente ngokwakhe, okanye urhulumente okhethiweyo uza kusebenzisa igunya namandla awanikezwe ukuzenza iinkosi ezinkulu? ishishini kunye nabantu?, okanye iya kuvuma kwaye yenze imisebenzi yayo, yokulawula iimfuno zabantu bonke?

Ngaba abantu baya kuba ngabantu abazimiseleyo emcimbini kwaye bazikhohlise okanye bavumele ukukhohliswa ngabantu bezopolitiko ukuba bakhethe amadoda eqela ukuba babe ngabaphathi, kwaye baphakanyiswe iingcibi kunye nabaphathi bezopolitiko de baphulukane nelungelo labo lokucinga nelokuthetha nelungelo lokuvota ngokuvota?, okanye ngaba abantu bazakuthatha ithuba abanalo ngoku: umntu ngamnye ukuziqhelanisa nokuzibamba, ukuba anyule kurhulumente kuphela amadoda akwaziyo nabazithobayo abazibophelelayo ukuze alawule iimfuno zabantu bonke, Kwezopolitiko zeqela?, kwaye, ngaba abantu baya kunyanzelisa ukuba ishishini elikhulu liqhube ishishini ngentlonipho ngabo bonke abachaphazelekayo, kwaye baxhase ishishini ngokwenza oko?

Iimpendulo zale mibuzo zixhomekeke kakhulu kurhulumente okanye kwishishini elikhulu njengasebantwini, kuba urhulumente kunye namashishini amakhulu ngabantu kwaye bamele abantu. Imibuzo kufuneka iphendulwe ngabantu, ngokwahlukeneyo kubo, kwaye imbonakalo yabantu kufuneka yenziwe ibe yimithetho kwaye kufuneka inyanzeliswe ngabantu; okanye yonke intetho ngentando yesininzi ingxolo nje kunye necala.

Yonke into enqwenelekayo ebomini inokuveliswa zizinto ezine ezifunekayo ukuze kuveliswe nantoni na eveliswayo. Izinto ezine eziphambili zezi: ubuchopho kunye nokuqhekeza kunye nexesha kunye nobukrelekrele. Udidi ngalunye kwezi zine zabantu banezi zinto zibalulekileyo. Iklasi nganye nganye kwezi ezine inezinto ezininzi kodwa ingabikho kwaye ingaphantsi kwexesha-elibalulekile njengazo naziphi na ezinye zeeklasi. Ezi zinto zintathu zibalulekileyo ziqhutywa ngokwamanqanaba ahlukahlukileyo kwisifundo ngasinye kwezi zine. Akukho nanye kwezi zinto zibalulekileyo kwaye akukho klasi inokuhanjiswa ngayo kwimveliso yayo nantoni na.

Xa u "capital" kunye "nabasebenzi" beya kubeka eceleni ukungafani kwabo kwaye basebenze kulungelelwaniso kunye nentsebenziswano yesisa ukwenzela inzuzo yabo bonke kunye umdla wabo bonke abantu, siya kuthi ngexesha elifanelekileyo sibe nentando yesininzi. Emva koko abantu baya kuba nakho ukonwabela izinto ezintle ebomini.

Izinto ezixabisekileyo ebomini, ekungenakwenzeka ukuba abantu banazo ngokwenene phantsi kweemeko zangoku apho umntu ngamnye efuna ezakhe iimfuno, ngokuxhaphaza abanye, amakhaya eentsapho ezonwabileyo nezikhutheleyo, imizimba eyomeleleyo neyakhayo nenhle, ukucinga okucacileyo, ukuqonda umntu, ukuqonda kwendalo, ukuqonda kolwalamano lomzimba kunye nendalo, kunye nokuqonda komntu onguLowo uneziqu ezithathu.

Ilungelo lokushicilela 1980 ngu The Word Foundation, Inc.